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ophthalmology > anatomy > Flashcards

anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what shape is the orbit?

A

pyramidal

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2
Q

what is the function of the orbital septum?

A

helps prevent spread of infection between superficial and deep parts of orbit

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3
Q

what is the function of the levator palpebrae superioris

A

elevates the upper eyelid

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4
Q

what do tarsal glands secrete?

A

lipids

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5
Q

describe the pathway of lacrimal fluid

A

lacrimal gland produces lacrimal fluid
parasympathetic (CN VII)

wash over eye

pushed towards medial angle

drains through lacrimal puncta

eventually reaches inferior meatus

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6
Q

how many extraocular skeletal muscles are there?

A

7 (4 rectus, 2 oblique, 1 levator)

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7
Q

what are the 4 rectus muscles

A

superior rectus
inferior rectus
medial rectus
lateral rectus

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8
Q

what are the 2 oblique muscles?

A

superior oblique
inferior oblique

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9
Q

what is the levator muscle?

A

levator palpebrae superioris

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10
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the rectus muscles?

A

originate from common tendinous ring
insert into sclera

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11
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the oblique muscles?

A

superior originates from sphenoid bone
inferior originates from orbital palate of maxilla

both insert into sclera

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12
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the levator palpebrae superioris?

A

originates from lesser wing of sphenoid

inserts onto skin and tarsus of superior eyelid

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13
Q

what is the innervation of the lateral rectus muscle?

A

CN VI (abducens)
LR6

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14
Q

what is the innervation of the superior oblique muscle?

A

CN IV (trochlear)
SO4

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15
Q

what is the innervation of all other extraocular muscles? (not lateral rectus & superior oblique)

A

CN III (oculomotor)
AO3

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16
Q

where do all parasympathetic axons leave the CNS via?

A

CN III, VII, IX & X and via sacral spinal nerves

17
Q

describe the pathway of CN III

A

Connects with CNS at junction of midbrain and pons

Passes through cavernous sinus

Exits via superior orbital fissure

Somatic motor to majority of extraocular muscles

Presynaptic parasympathetic axons to the ciliary ganglion

Splits into 2 divisions - Superior & Inferior

18
Q

where do all of the rectus and oblique muscles insert into?

A

the sclera

19
Q

does lateral rectus work for close up or distance vision?

A

distance vision

ophthalmology (12 decks)

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