Systemic Disease Flashcards
What is scabies?
A skin condition caused by parasitic mites that burrow under the skin and cause itching, rashes, and blisters.
Scabies is spread via close contact with infected people or infected linens or towels.
How is scabies typically treated?
Via the application of prescribed topical cream or lotion or via oral medication.
Although scabies will self-resolve, immediate treatment is recommended to minimize spreading.
What symptom do patients with scabies commonly report worsening at night?
Itching.
This symptom is a significant indicator of the condition.
What is molluscum contagiosum?
A cutaneous viral infection that results in small red or skin-colored bumps.
The condition can self-resolve if left untreated.
How can molluscum contagiosum be treated?
Lesions can be removed, or a topical ointment can be prescribed to decrease healing time.
What type of infection is impetigo?
Bacterial in nature, caused by staphylococcus.
Impetigo results in cutaneous blisters of various sizes.
Where are lesions from impetigo frequently located?
On the arms, legs, and face.
What is tinea commonly known as?
Ringworm.
What type of infection is tinea?
A fungal infection of the skin.
Describe the appearance of lesions associated with tinea.
Circular with clear centers.
What are the characteristic features of neurofibromatosis type I?
Iris Lisch nodules, patchy hyperpigmentation of the skin (cafe au-lait spots), small bump-like tumors under the skin (neurofibromas)
Neurofibromatosis type I is also known as Von Recklinghausen disease.
What causes neurofibromatosis type I?
Mutations in neurofibromin
Neurofibromin is a protein that regulates cell growth.
Which systems can be variably involved in neurofibromatosis type I?
Brain, bones, adrenal glands, vasculature
NF-1 can also cause disturbances in puberty and growth.
How does neurofibromatosis type II differ from type I?
NF-2 presents with neurofibromas but not cafe au-lait spots or Lisch nodules
The main manifestation of NF-2 is the development of tumors in the brain.
What is the main manifestation of neurofibromatosis type II?
Development of non-malignant tumors of the brain in the area of cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)
This can lead to visual symptoms related to posterior subcapsular cataracts.
