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Perio 1 2020 > Systemic 10/18/16 > Flashcards

Systemic 10/18/16 Flashcards

1
Q

What are four things done to perform gene therapy?

A
  • Gene insertion therapy
  • Liposomes
  • Antisense
  • Methylation
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2
Q

T/F

Single gene diseases may be amenable to such treatement

A

True

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3
Q

Are most diseases with a genetic component as the basis multifactorial or unifactorial?

A

Multifactorial

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4
Q

Defects and polymorphisms increase the risk for what?

A

Periodontitis

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5
Q

If the Fc receptors are defective what can occur?

A

Periodontitis

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6
Q

If you have a high IgG2 level what can occur?

A

Periodontitis

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7
Q

What do caucasian male non-smoker what will they have increased levels of if they have periodontal disease?

A

Higher levels of IL-1

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8
Q

What is another name for PGE2?

A

COX 1

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9
Q

If you have high levels of PGE2 or COX 1 production what can occur?

A

Periodontitis

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10
Q

Where does arachidonic acid come from?

A

Cell membrane

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11
Q

What breaks down arachidonic acid?

A

COX 1

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12
Q

If you have receptor polymorphisms what can occur?

A

Periodontitis

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13
Q

What are three things that lead to damaged tissue?

A
  • Bacterial infection
  • Wound healing
  • Inflammation
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14
Q

T/F

Fibroblasts can be changed by epigenetics

A

True

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15
Q

What is it called if you have an alteration in the proteins associated with DNA?

A

-Epigenetics

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16
Q

What protein is DNA bound to?

A

Histones

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17
Q

T/F

DNA exists in a naked state

A

False

DNA never exists in a naked state

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18
Q

What are the two main components of the epigenetic code?

A
  • DNA methylation

- Histone modification

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19
Q

What can cause histone modification?

A
  • Bacteria

- Host response

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20
Q

T/F

Bacteria can perform DNA methylation

A

True

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21
Q

What do bacteria use as a main mechanism to turn on and off transcription?

A

-DNA methylation

22
Q

What can widespread methylation do?

A

-Silence gene transcription

23
Q

What is required for histone modification?

A
  • Histone acetylases

- Histone deacetylases

24
Q

What is an example of a gene in the pancreas that can display histone modifications?

A

-Insulin gene

25
Q

What are three factors that can change the epigenetics before birth?

A
  • Maternal factors
  • Toxins
  • In Utero nutrition
26
Q

When you are born you have an epigenotype. What are four things that can effect the epigenotype?

A
  • Diet
  • Aging
  • Toxins/drugs
  • Illness
27
Q

T/F

The epigenotype of an adults can lead to diseases

A

True

28
Q

What is the result of including folic acid in the diet of pregnant women?

A

It can decreases incidence of spinal bifida

29
Q

What are some common diseases caused by epigenetics?

A
  • Bladder cancer

- Rheumatoid arthritis

30
Q

How does smoking effect epigenetics?

A

-It can down regulate methyl transferase

31
Q

What causes bladder cancer?

A

Increased methylation of promoter site

32
Q

What causes rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Less methylation at IL-6 promoter site

33
Q

T/F

Some antibiotics can help stop epigenetic changes

A

True

34
Q

What are chronic ulcers in diabetic patients caused by?

A

-Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases

35
Q

Where does LPS come from?

A

Gram (-) organism

36
Q

What does Doxycycline do?

A

Reduce MMP (collagenase) activity

37
Q

What can Doxycycline do for diabetic patients?

A

Reduce Chronic ulcers

38
Q

How is doxycycline related to anti-inflammatory processes?

A

It is an antibiotic that has anti-inflammatory processes

39
Q

What does doxycycline do to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines?

A

Inhibits

40
Q

What does doxycycline do to MMP activity?

A

Inhibits

41
Q

What does minocycline do to PMN migration and chemotaxis?

A

Suppression migration

42
Q

How does a macrolid relate to inflammation?

A
  • Supress amount of PMNs
  • Reduce chemotaxis
  • Decreases IL-8
43
Q

What were tetracyclines shown to inhibit?

A
  • MMP 8 and 9
  • Decrease elastin degration
  • Inhibit LPS production
44
Q

What antibiotic effects IL-8?

A

Macrolids

45
Q

Where would you use antibiotics for an anti-inflammatory treatment along with normal periodontal disease control?

A

-Diabetics

46
Q

What do you use to inhibit arachidonic acid production?

A
  • NSAIDS

- Triclosan

47
Q

What can NSAIDS do?

A

inhibit arachidonic acid production

48
Q

T/F

Oral hygiene is only important to oral health

A

False

Important to overall health

49
Q

T/F

Oral care has a link to cardiovascular health

A

True

50
Q

T/F

Periodontal care will prevent or resolve systemic health problems

A

False

We just know they are related

51
Q

T/F

A pregnant women with bad periodontal disease may have an increased risk for low birth weight/pre-term labor.

A

True

Perio 1 2020 (9 decks)

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