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Perio 1 2020 > Pathogenesis > Flashcards

Pathogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 components of Microbial Plaque?

A 
Bacteria
Fungus
Protozoa
Virus
Microplasm
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2
Q

What are the two types of plaque?

A

Subgingival

Supragingival

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3
Q

What are components of the supragingival plaque?

A

Coronal plaque

Marginal Plaque

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4
Q

What are the components of the subgingival plaque?

A

Attached plaque

Unattached

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5
Q

Where do you find the attached plaque?

A

Tooth
Epithelium
Connective Tissue

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6
Q

What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation?

A 
Redness (rubor)
Swelling (tumor)
Heat (calor)
Pain (dolor)
Loss of function (functiolaesa)
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7
Q

Is supragingival plaque aerobic or anaerobic?

A

aerobic

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8
Q

Is subgingival plaque aerobic or anaerobic?

A

anaerobic

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9
Q

What can increase the subgingival plaque if it accumulates?

A

Supragingival plaque

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10
Q

What can cause the pain from the five cardinal signs of inflammation?

A

Abcesses

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11
Q

If you have an increased number of blood vessels in the gingiva what might that be a sign of?

A

Periodontal disease

Inflammation

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12
Q

What happens to the epithelial ridges (rete pegs) when you have periodontal disease or inflammation?

A

They extend deep into the connective tissue

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13
Q

T/F Probing depth increase during inflammation or periodontal disease.

A

True

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14
Q

T/F You have decreased vascular permeability during inflammation/ periodontal disease?

A

False

You have increased permeability

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15
Q

What happens to the collagen fiber network in periodontitis?

A

It goes through destruction

Loss of attachment to root surface

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16
Q

What happens to the epithelial cell junctions with inflammation?

A

They get disrupted

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17
Q

What does the gingiva look like clinically with inflammation?

A

Erythematous tissue
Spongy
Edematous

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18
Q

When does the initial lesion occur?

A

2-4 days

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19
Q

When do you first see the loss of perivascular collagen?

A

Initial lesion

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20
Q

What happens to the junctional epithelium during the initial lesion?

A

Alteration of the most coronal portion

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21
Q

When do you find increased migration of leukocytes into the junction epithelium and gingival sulcus?

A

Initial lesion

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22
Q

Where do you find classic vasculitis of vessels in the initial lesion?

A

subjacent to the junction epithlium

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23
Q

When do you find the presence of serum proteins, especially fibrin?

A

Initial lesion

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24
Q

When clinically will you find these symptoms?
Appear clinically Healthy
No periodontal Pocket
No radiographic evidence of bone loss

A

Initial lesion

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25
Q

When does the early lesion occur?

A

4-7 days

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26
Q 
If you have:
Acute form Gingivitis
Changes in gingival color, contour, consistency
No periodontal pocket
No radiographic bone loss
A

Early lesion

27
Q

When do you find the accumulation of lymphoid cells subjacent to the Junctional epithelium?

A

early lesion

28
Q

When do you find the cytopathic alterations of fibroblast?

A

early lesion

29
Q

When do you find the beginning of proliferation of basal cells in the junctional epithelium?

A

early lesion

30
Q 
If you have:
Chronic gingivitis
Changes in gingival color, contour, consistency
No periodontal pocket
No radiographic bone loss
A

Established lesion

31
Q

When does the established lesion occur?

A

2-3 weeks

32
Q

When do you find proliferation, apical migration and lateral extension of the junctional epithelium?

A

Established lesion

33
Q

When do you find the predominance of plasma cells without appreciable bone loss?

A

Established lesion

34
Q

When do you find the presence of immunoglobulins extravascularly in the connective tissue and the junctional epithelium?

A

Established lesion

35
Q

When do you find histologic evidence that early pocket formation may or may not be present?

A

Established lesion

36
Q

When do you find the advanced lesion?

A

Greater than 3 weeks

37
Q 
If you have:
Periodontitis
changes in gingival color, contour, consistency and bleeding on probing
Periodontal pocket formation
Alveolar bone loss shown on radiographs
A

Advanced lesion

38
Q

When do you find the conversion of distant bone marrow into fibrous connective tissue?

A

Advanced lesion

39
Q

When do you find cytopathically altered plasma cells?

A

Advanced lesion

40
Q

When do you find the extension into alveolar bone and PDL with significant bone loss?

A

Advanced lesion

41
Q

When do you find widespread manifestations of inflammatory/immunopathologic reaction?

A

Advanced lesion

42
Q

What three diagnoses will you find the periodontal connective tissue attachment intact?

A

Normal
Early gingivitis
Chronic gingivits

43
Q

When do you find that the periodontal connective tissue attachment is lost?

A

Adult periodontitis

44
Q

When do you find the alveolar process intact?

A

Normal
Early gingivitis
Chronic gingivitis

45
Q

What stage of diagnosis do you find few bacteria in the gingival crevice or pocket?

A

Normal

46
Q

What stage of diagnosis do you find complex flora fills in the gingival pocket with calculus possibly present?

A

Chronic gingivitis

47
Q

What stage of diagnosis do you find complex flora filling the gingival pocket?

A

Early gingivitis

48
Q

When do you find subgingival flora containing specific pathogens with calculus to the bottom of the pocket?

A

Adult periodontitis

49
Q

When do you find tight intercellular junction and the JE at the CEJ?

A

Normal

50
Q

When do you find widened intercellular spaces containing leukocytes and the JE at the CEJ?

A

Early gingivitis

51
Q

When do you find greater leukocytic infiltrate of JE but the JE is still at the CEJ?

A

Chronic gingivitis

52
Q

When do you find the JE apical to the CEJ and converted to pocket epithelium?

A

Adult periodontitis

53
Q

When do you find the supracrestal attachment intact?

A

Normal

54
Q

When do you find the loss of attachment of the CT, Ct infiltrated by round cells mainly lymphocytes?

A

Early gingivitis

55
Q

When do you find the loss of attachment: CT infiltrated by round cells, mainly plasma cells?

A

Chronic gingivitis

56
Q

When do you find the loss of attachment: plasma cells predominant in the CT?

A

Adult periodontitis

57
Q

Is the innate immune system specific or nonspecific?

A

Non-specific

58
Q

Is the acquired response Specific or non specific?

A

Specific (adaptive)

59
Q

What cell causes the most damage in the acute phase (gingivitis)?

A

Neutrophil

60
Q

What cell causes the most damage in periodontitis?

A

Fibroblast

61
Q

What are some important immune cells that are involved in plaque accumulation and initiation of gingivitis?

A 
Mast Cells
Acute phase proteins
Complement
PMN
antibodies
62
Q

What histologic state are you in if you have Slightly elevated vascular permeability and vasodilation?

A

Initial lesion

63
Q

What histologic state are you in if you have gingival crevicular fluid flowing out of the sulcus?

A

Initial lesion

64
Q

What histologic state are you in if you Migration of leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, in relatively small numbers though the gingival connective tissue across the JE and into the sulcus?

A

Initial lesion

Perio 1 2020 (9 decks)

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