Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) Flashcards

1
Q

Venereal syphilis

A

T. pallidum ss pallidum

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2
Q

Yaws

A

T. pallidum ss pertenue

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3
Q

Bejel

A

T. pallidum ss endemicum (aka endemic syphilis)

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4
Q

Pinta

A

T. pallidum ss carateum

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5
Q

Syphilis: Chancre and regional lymphadenitis

A

Primary syphilis

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6
Q

Syphilis: Painless papule appears at site of entry ___ after inoculation

A

2-6 weeks

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7
Q

Clean, painless, highly contagious ulcer with raised borders

A

Chancre

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8
Q

T/F Chancre is highly contagious

A

T

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9
Q

Symptoms related to spirochetemia

A

Secondary syphilis

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10
Q

Secondary syphilis symptoms are noted when

A

2-10 weeks after chancre heals

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11
Q

Syphilis: Generalized non-pruritic maculopapular rash, notable involving the palms and soles

A

Secondary syphilis

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12
Q

Condyloma lata

A

Secondary syphilis

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13
Q

Gray-white to erythematous wartlike plaques in moist areas around the anus and vagina

A

Secondary syphilis (condyloma lata)

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14
Q

Meningitis occurs in ___% of patients with syphilis characterized by CSF pleocytosis and elevated protein

A

30

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15
Q

Syphilis: Relapses can occur with secondary manifestations when

A

Early latent period

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16
Q

Asymptomatic late syphilis

A

Late latent period

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17
Q

Symptomatic late syphilis

A

Tertiary syphilis

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18
Q

Gummas

A

Tertiary syphilis

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19
Q

Syphilis: Neurologic, cardiovascular, and gummatous lesions

A

Tertiary syphilis

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20
Q

Nonsuppurative granulomas of the skin and musculoskeletal system resulting from host’s hypersensitivity reaction

A

Tertiary syphilis

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21
Q

Untreated syphilis during pregnancy has a vertical transmission rate approaching ___

22
Q

Early signs of congenital syphilis are analogous to the ___ stage of acquired syphilis

23
Q

Characteristic anemia in congenital syphilis

A

Coombs’ negative hemolytic anemia

24
Q

Osteochondritis and periostitis of long bones (rarely the skull) and a mucocutaneous erythematous maculopapular or vesiculobullous lesions followed by desquamation of the hands and feet in a neonate

A

Congenital syphilis

25
Persistent rhinitis or snuffles in a neonate
Congenital syphilis
26
Metaphyseal demineralization of the medial aspect of the proximal tibia
Wimbergerr's lines (congenital syphilis)
27
Painful osteochondritis seen in congenital syphilis resulting in irritability and refusal to move involved extremity
Pseudoparalysis of Parrot
28
Late manifestations of congenital syphilis seen in children >2 years of age result primarily from
Chronic granulomatous inflammation of bone, teeth, and CNS
29
Syphilis: Bony prominence of the forehead due to persistent or recurrent periostitis
Olympian brow
30
Syphilis: Unilateral or bilateral thickening or the sternoclavicular third of the clavicle
Higoumenakis sign
31
Syphilis: Anterior bowing of the midportion of the tibia
Saber shins
32
Syphilis: Convexity along the medial border of the scapula
Scaphoid scapula
33
Syphilis: Peg-shaped upper central incisors
Hutchinson teeth
34
Syphilis: Abnormal 1st lower molars characterized by small biting surface and excessive number of cusps
Mulberry molars
35
Syphilis: Depression of the nasal root with destruction of bone and cartilage from syphilitic rhinitis
Saddle nose
36
Syphilis: Linear scars that extend in a spoke-like pattern from previous mucocutaneous fissures of the mouth, anus, and genitalia
Rhagades
37
Syphilis: Latent meningovascular infection, rare, and typically occursduring adolescence with behavioral changes, focal seizures, or loss of intellectual function
Juvenile paresis
38
Syphilis: Rare spinal cord involvement and cardiovascular involvement with aortitis
Juvenile tabes
39
Syphilis: Hutchinson triad
Hutchinson teeth, interstitial keratitis, 8th nerve deafness
40
Syphilis: Unilateral or bilateral PAINLESS joint swelling (usually involving the knees) due to synovitis with sterile synovial fluid
Clutton joint
41
Diagnosis of primary syphilis is confirmed with
Dark field microscopy or direct fluorescent antibody testing
42
Specimen that can be used for diagnosis of primary syphilis
Skin lesions, placenta, umbilical cord
43
Principal means for diagnosis of syphilis
Serologic testing
44
Sensitive nontreponemal tests for syphilis
RPR and VDRL
45
VDRL and RPR detect
Antibodies against phospholipid antigens on treponeme surface that cross-react with mammalian cardiolipin-lecithin-cholesterol antigen
46
DOC for syphilis
Penicillin
47
Acute systemic febrile reaction due to massive release of endotoxin-like antigen during bacterial lysis in patients with syphilis treated with Penicillin
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
48
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction occurs in ___% of patients treated with Pen
15-20%
49
T/F Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is an indication to discontinuing penicillin therapy
F
50
Persons exposed >90 days before diagnosis in a sex partner of a person with syphilis should be treated if
Seropositive OR serologic test not available