Synthesis Reagents And Conditions

Question 1

Alkene to alkane

Answer 1

H2/Ni 150c

Question 2

Aldehyde/ketone to hydroxynitrile

Answer 2

NaCN(aq) / H+(aq)

Question 3

Alkene to haloalkane

Answer 3

Hydrogen halide

Question 4

Aldehyde/ketone to alcohol

Answer 4

NaBH4

Question 5

Alkene to alcohol

Answer 5

Steam H3PO4 300c 60-70atm

Question 6

Ester to carboxylate salt

Answer 6

Hot aqueous alkali

Question 7

Alkane to haloalkane

Answer 7

halogen/UV light

Question 8

Carboxylic acid to ester

Answer 8

Alcohol conc. H2SO4

Question 9

Haloalkane to nitrile

Answer 9

NaCN or KCN in ethanol

Question 10

Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

Answer 10

SOCl2 (thionoyl chloride) anhydrous

Question 11

Haloalkane to amine

Answer 11

NH3 in ethanol then NaOH

Question 12

Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

Answer 12

H2O

Question 13

Haloalkane to alcohol

Answer 13

NaOH aq

Question 14

Acyl chloride to primary amide

Answer 14

NH3 (anhydrous)

Question 15

Alcohol to aldehyde

Answer 15

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 distil

Question 16

Acyl chloride to secondary amide

Answer 16

Primary Amine (anhydrous)

Question 17

Alcohol to carboxylic acid

Answer 17

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 reflux

Question 18

Acyl chloride to ester

Answer 18

Alcohol (anhydrous)

Question 19

Alcohol to Alkene

Answer 19

H2SO4 or H3PO4 / heat

Question 20

Nitrile to amine

Answer 20

H2/Ni

Question 21

Alcohol to haloalkane

Answer 21

NaX / H2SO4

Question 22

Ester to carboxylic acid

Answer 22

Hot dilute aqueous acid

Question 23

Alcohol to ester

Answer 23

Carboxylic acid / H2SO4 or acyl chloride or acid anhydride (acid anhydride and acyl chloride are more reactive than carboxylic acid)

Question 24

Nitrile to carboxylic acid

Answer 24

H20 / HCl / heat