Syntax two

Question 1

What is a prepositional phrase made up of

Answer 1

P+NP=PP

Question 2

Head

Answer 2

The most important word in the phrase, defines the syntactic properties of the phrase. It cant normally be left out. If the head is plural for example it gives plurality to the rest of the phrase

Question 3

The complement of a head

Answer 3

The head selects a particular phrase to appear as its sister in the structure- transitive verbs require an NP as their sister

Question 4

Replacement constituency test

Answer 4

A constituent can be replaced by a single word

Question 5

Displacement constituency test

Answer 5

A constituent as a whole can be placed in a different position

Question 6

A NP can be recognised because

Answer 6

it can be replaced by a pronoun

Question 7

PP can be replaced by…

Answer 7

… adverbs such as here or there (only localised ones though)

Question 8

VPs

Answer 8

can be replaced by ‘to do so’

Question 9

Displacement test

Answer 9

Wh- words can be placed at the start of the sentence to test of constituency

Question 10

Cleft structure

Answer 10

it - form of the verb ‘to be’ - x - who/that - y

Question 11

Rule of the cleft

Answer 11

only constituents can be the focus of the cleft