Phonology

Question 1

what is phonology?

Answer 1

considers how speech sounds are organised in a language

Question 2

VPM

Answer 2

voicing, place and manner of articulation

Question 3

phoneme and phone difference

Answer 3

‘madder’ and ‘matter’ in american english are pronounced virtually the same which means they have the same phone, yet at the same time they have different phonemes

Question 4

how can phonemes contrast?

Answer 4

n + m contrast, whereas n- and n don’t

Question 5

different phonemes can be realised by the same

Answer 5

phone

Question 6

many phonemes can

Answer 6

be realised by many allophones

Question 7

allophone

Answer 7

a variation of a phoneme which doesn’t distinguish the meaning

Question 8

complementary distribution

Answer 8

when two allophones can’t exist in the same word

Question 9

parallel distribution

Answer 9

two phones can occur in the same word

Question 10

minimal pair

Answer 10

if two words only differ in terms of one phone

Question 11

two or more sounds are realisations of the same phoneme if:

Answer 11

they are in complementary distribution
and
they are phonetically similar

Question 12

two or more sounds are realisations of different phonemes if:

Answer 12

they are in parallel distribution

and they serve to signal a semantic contrast

Question 13

what is a class?

Answer 13

when a group of phonemes have the same type of allophony

eg t k and p all can have aspirated versions as well