Synaptic Neurotransmission and Drug Action CM Flashcards
Name three fast neurotransmitters with short lasting effects:
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Glutamate (GLU)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Name three neuromodulators
Dopamine (DA)
Noradrenaline (NA)
Serotonin (5HT)
5 fundamental processes of synaptic transmission:
- Manufacture
- Storage
- Release
- Neurotransmitter diffusion over synaptic cleft
- Inactivation
What is Manufacture as a fundamental process of synaptic transmission?
intracellular biochemical processes make the drugs inside the neuron
What is Storage as a fundamental process of synaptic transmission?
the formation of vesicles that contain packages of neurotransmitter
What is Release as a fundamental process of synaptic transmission?
by action potential via voltage gates calcium channels
What is Diffusion as a fundamental process of synaptic transmission?
diffusion of neurotransmitter across synapse to interact with postsynaptic receptors
What is Inactivation as a fundamental process of synaptic transmission?
break down or re-uptake of neurotransmitters, removal from the synapse
Drugs that affect brain function tend to either ____ the key (agonists) or _____ with the key fitting the lock (antagonists)
- Mimic
2. Interfere
Parkinsons disease (PD) is the first example of brain disorder resulting from a ______ of a single neurotransmitter
deficiency
Parkinsons is caused by the lack of what in a particular pathway in the brain found in the basal ganglia?
dopamine
What can PD not select or initiate?
appropriate movements because of the loss of the dopamine signal
What affects dopamine (DA) ?
antipsychotic drugs
Stimulants (Amphetamine/cocaine)
Anti-Parkinson drugs (L-DOPA)
Where is Noradrenaline a transmitter?
The heart and the central nervous system
What is Noradrenaline affected by?
Antidepressant drugs (Imipramine) (MAO) Stimulants (Amphetamine- increases release and blocks re-uptake)
