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NeuroPhys Mod 1 > Synaptic Integration > Flashcards

Synaptic Integration Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of synapses in the CNS

A

Axosomatic
Axoaxonic
Axodendritic

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2
Q

Axosomatic synapses have terminal buttons located on the ___

A

Soma (cell body)

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3
Q

Axoaxonic synapses have terminal buttons located on ___

A

Axon (hillock)

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4
Q

Axodendritic synapses have terminal buttons located on ___

A

Dendrites

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5
Q

Ionotropic =

A

Directly gated

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6
Q

Ionotropic synapses:
Interact with ____ neuron at NMJ
And __ central synapses

A

One

Many

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7
Q

Ionotropic synapses:
Inputs are only ___ at NMJ
Are ___ and ___ at central synapses

A

Excitatory
Both
excitatory
Inhibitory

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8
Q

Ionotropic synapses:
Neurotransmitter at NMJ=
At central synapses=

A

Only ACh

Variety

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9
Q

Ionotropic synapses:
Receptor type at NMJ=
Receptor type at central synapses=

A

Nicotinic

Variety

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10
Q

Ionotropic synapses:
Efficiency at NMJ=
Efficiency at Central synapses

A

High—every AP produces AP at muscle fiber

Modest—(50-100 neurons should fire to produce post synaptic potential) to trigger AP

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11
Q

Neurons that release ___ typically a to on receptors that produce excitation

A

Glutamate

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12
Q

Neurons that release glutamate typically act on receptors that produce___

A

Excitation

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13
Q

Neurons that release GABA or glycine acto on ___ ___ receptors

A

Ionotropic inhibitory

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14
Q

Neurons that release __ or ___ typically act upon ionotropic inhibitory receptors

A

GABA

Glycine

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15
Q

2 most common type of synapses in CNS:

A

Gray type I

Gray type II

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16
Q 
Gray type I synapses are:
(Asymmetric/ Symmetric)
Usually (excitatory/ inhibitory)
Neurotransmitter is\_\_\_
And are AXO\_\_\_\_\_
A

Asymmetric
Excitatory
Glutamate
Axodendritic

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17
Q 
Gray type II synapses:
(Asymmetric/ Symmetric)
(Excitatory/ inhibitory)
Neurotransmitter\_\_\_
AXO\_\_\_
A

Symmetric
Inhibitory
Axosomatic

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18
Q

Excitatory actions at chemical synapses open channels permeable to __ and ___

A

Na

K

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19
Q

Chemical synapses opening to permeable channels to Na & K are __

A

Excitatory

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20
Q

Main excitatory transmitter in CNS is :

A

Glutamate

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21
Q

Glutamate is in ___ of brain neurons and is important to ___ and ___

A

70%
Learning
Memory

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22
Q

2 types of glutamate receptors:
____ directly gated channels
___ indirectly gated channels (through secondary messengers)

A

Ionotropic

Metabotropic

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23
Q

Ionotropic (directly gated) glutamate receptors:
Non-NMDA receptors are ___ channels
NMDA receptors are ___ channels

A

Na/ K

Na/ K/ Cl

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24
Q

NMDA and non-NMDA channels are within ___ vicinity of each other, the NMDA allows channels to stay open (shorter/ longer) periods of time

A

Close

Longer

25
Q

NMDA glutamate receptors are ___ and ___ gated are the channels is permeable to ___, ___, ___

A 
Ligand gated
Voltage gated
Ca
K
Na
26
Q

___ is inhibitory to NMDA receptors

A

Glycine (as a cofactor)

27
Q

NMDA voltage dependent is blocked by extracellular ___ and needs ___ and depolarization to open

A

Mg

Glutamate

28
Q

Inhibitory actions at many chemical synapses result in opening ion channels selective for___

A

Cl

29
Q

GABA is mostly found in the ___

Glycine is mostly found int the ___

A

Brain

CNS

30
Q

Ionotropic GABAa receptor is permeable to___

A

Cl

31
Q

Metabotropic GABAb receptor increases ___ permeability OR ___ voltage-gated Ca channels

A

K

Inhibits

32
Q

Depression can be ___ of GABA

A

Excess

33
Q

Anxiety/ panic attack can be ___ of GABA

A

Deficit

34
Q

Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol bind to ___ receptors enhancing the ___ flow through the channels

A

GABAa

Cl

35
Q

Glycine receptor channel consists of 3 ___ and 2 ___ subunits

A

alpha

Beta

36
Q

Glycine binds primarily to ___ subunit

A

alpha

37
Q

5-HT=

A

Serotonin

38
Q

5-HT is an (EXCITATORY/ INHIBITORY) synaptic transmission in certain areas of the brain

A

Excitatory

39
Q

Excitatory=

A

Depolarization

40
Q

5-HT is permeable to __ and ___

A

Na

K

41
Q

Most serotonin receptors are G-coupled receptors=

A

Metabotropic

42
Q

ATP receptors are permeable to___, __, and ___

A

Na
K
Ca

43
Q

ACH, GABA, And Glycine each have ___ subunit receptor channels

A

5

44
Q

Glutamate receptor channels have __ subunits

A

4

45
Q

ATP receptor channels have ___ subunits

A

3

46
Q

Each neuron forms synapses with ___ and receives input from ___

A

Many others

Many others

47
Q

EPSP=

A

Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential

48
Q

IPSP=

A

Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential

49
Q

2 passive properties of neurons affect on summation:

A

Time constant

Length constant

50
Q

Time constant affects:

A

Temporal summation

51
Q

Length constant affects:

A

Spatial summation

52
Q

There are 2 types of axodendritic synapses.

Axodendritic synapses are typically ___

A

Spine synapse
Shaft synapse
Excitatory

53
Q

Axoaxonic dendrites are typically:

A

Inhibitory

54
Q

Dendrites have voltage-gated ___, ___, and __ channels to ____ small EPSPs.

A

Na
K
Ca
Amplify

55
Q

Dendritic spines are highly specialized ___ zones

A

Input zones

56
Q

Dendritic neck regulates ___ concentrations to prevent ___ within the dendritic spine.

A

Ca

Toxicity

57
Q

Synapses on cell bodies are often (EXCITATORY/ INHIBITORY)

A

Inhibitory

58
Q

Synapses on axon __ are often modulators

A

Terminals

NeuroPhys Mod 1 (5 decks)

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