Symptoms And Diagnosis Flashcards
What are the symptoms split into?
- 2 types
- positive and negative
What is meant by positive symptoms?
- Excessive / distorted/extra
- not present in a normal person
What is meant by negative symptoms?
- Decline in normal function
- not being able to do something,
What are example of positive symptoms?
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- disorganised speech or thinking
- grossly disorganised behaviour
What is meant by hallucinations?
- Sensory experience of stimuli that have either no basis in reality or are distorted perceptions of things that are there
What are delusions?
- Involve irrational beliefs that have no basis in reality
What is grossly disorganised behaviour?
-Includes difficulty in goal directed behaviour unpredictable aggression or silliness or behaviours mar are bizarre to onlookers
What are examples of negative symptoms?
- Speech poverty
- avolitions
-affective flattening
-catatonic behaviours
What is meand by speech poverty?
- reduced frequency and quality of speech
- sometimes accompanied by a delay in the sufferers verbal responses during conversations
What is meant by avolitions?
- involves loss of motivation to carry our tasks and results in lowered activity levels
-No longer interested in activities that the person used to show enthusiasm to
What is affective flattening?
- The reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression including facial expressions, voice tone, eye contact, and body language
What are catatonic behaviours?
- Decrease in reaction to the immediate surrounding environment
-Motionless and apparent unawareness, rigid or bizarre postures, or aimless excess motor activity
What 3 signs of avolition were identified by andreason?
-poor hygiene and grooming
- lack of persistence in work and education
-Lack of energy
Diagnosis
What does the USA use?
The DSM
What is the DsM’s criteria for diagnosing schizophrenia?
- They say that you have to have 1 positive symptom
