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Internal Med Rotation > Symptoms > Flashcards

Symptoms Flashcards

1
Q

Fatigue that is loner than ____ months and fluctuates in severity is usually functional and the patient may have identifiable stressors

A

6 months

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2
Q

Fatigue associated w/ psychiatric causes is frequently worse when? and alleviated by what?

A

worse in the morning and may be alleviated by activity

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3
Q

Who is physiologic fatigue common in

A

mothers of newborns
shift workers
athletes who overtrain

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4
Q

when is fatigue worsened w/ organic dz?

A

with activity

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5
Q

Darkening of the skin + fatigue points to what?

A

Addison’s

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6
Q

pale appearance + fatigue points to what?

A

anemia

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7
Q

Diagnosis with persistent or relapsing fatigue not previously present

A

chronic fatigue syndrome

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8
Q

Lab tests for fatigue with no obviously PE finding

A 
CBC, ESR< comprehensive metabolic profile, UA< thyroid, pregnancy testing, HIV (if suspected) 
creatinine kinase (if muscle weakness)
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9
Q

A nonanemic patient with low serum ferritin can receive what to help relieve symptoms of fatigue?

A

Iron

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10
Q

what is considered a fever?

A

temp above 38.3ºC (101 F)

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11
Q

when are fevers typically the highest?

A

evening

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12
Q

when are fevers typically the lowest?

A

morning

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13
Q

antipyretic meds supress what?

A

prostaglandin formation

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14
Q

why do many patients with fever experience myalgia

A

hypothalamus increases muscle tone to generate heat and raise body temperature

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15
Q

what fevers can produce convulsions

A

104-106 F

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16
Q

what conditions can cause reucrrent or intermittent fever?

A 
malaria
hepatitis B
leptospirosis
brucellosis
disseminated fungal infections
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17
Q

a cyclic pattern of high fevers for 1-2 weeks alternating with afebrile periods are pathognomonic for what?

A

PelEbstein fever ogf Hodgkin’s disease

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18
Q

Fevers persisting for 3 weeks, exceeding temp of 101 F and eluding 1 week of intensive diagnostic study

A

fever of unknown origin (FUO)

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19
Q

Fever plus petechial eruptions on teh skin can suggest what?

A

meningococcemia or Rockyu Mountain supotted fever

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20
Q

Petechiae at the juntion of the hard and soft palate and fever occur w/ what

A

mononucleosis

21
Q

Splinter hemorrhages and conjunctival petechiae suggest what?

A

endocarditis

22
Q

what is an important sign of Lyme disease?

A

erythema chronicum migrans

23
Q

common causes of increased metabolic rate

A

chronic infection
hyperthyroidism
excessive exercise
malignancy

24
Q

what is unintended weight loss

A

> 5% in 1 month

>10% in 6 months

25
Q

what test measures the absorptive capacity of the proximal small intestine [19] and is used to determine whether defects in the intestinal epithelium are responsible for malabsorption.

A

D-xylose test

26
Q

what is the leading cause of unexplained weight loss

A

major depression (especially in elderly)

27
Q

what is the prototypical occult neoplasm associated w/ dramatic weight loss?

A

carcinoma of the pancreas

28
Q

sudden, transient loss of consciousness and postural tone followed by spontaneous recovery

A

syncope

29
Q

sensation of impending syncope w/o loss of consciousness

A

presyncope

30
Q

what type of syncope is always sudden in onset w/ little prodrome

A

cardiac

31
Q

most common cause of syncope. have a prodrome of weakness, light-headedness, diaphoresis and nausea

A

vasovagal

32
Q

reflux (neurally-mediated) syncope that occurs during or immediately after provocative stimuli such as coughing, swallowing, warm places, pain, urinating

A

situational syncope

33
Q

what is orthostatic hypotension

A

decrease in systolic BP of >20 mmHg and in diastolic BP >10 within three minutes of standing

34
Q

type of vertigo due to abnormalitites in the vestibular end organs

A

peripheral vertigo

35
Q

vertigo due to the abnormalitites in the central nervous system

A

central

36
Q

most common type of peripheral vertigo

A

BPPV

37
Q

what type vertigo is usually sudden w/ onset and severity and only lasts for a few minutes

A

peripheral

38
Q

what type vertigo is more gradual in onset with mild intesntiy but can be chronic

A

central vertigo

39
Q

type of vertigo that starts w/ movement

A

peripheral

40
Q

what test is used to illict BPPV

A

Dix-Hallpike

41
Q

what is a positive test w/ the Dix Halpike test?

A

patient will report vertigo and exhibition a mixed torsional and vertical nystamgus w/ upper pole of eye beating toward the affected ear

42
Q

what manuever is done to treat BPPV

A

Epley manuver

43
Q

what type ulcer is formed because of high acid

A

duodenal

44
Q

when does pain occur w/ a duodenal ulcer?

A

2-3 hours after a meal

45
Q

what relieves pain w/ a duodenal ulcer?

A

food

46
Q

what may aggreavate a gastric ulcer

A

food

47
Q

main way to see peptic ulcers

A

radiographic studies- barium swallow and endoscopy

48
Q

How can GERD be documented

A

esophageal mamometry and pH monitoring

49
Q

tx for H pyloria

A

pepto bismol, PPI and tetracycline for 2 weeks

Internal Med Rotation (13 decks)

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