Sympathomimetics Flashcards
Uses of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine and methylphenidate
ADHD**, Narcolepsy
Can be immediate release or sustained release (better for school)
Mechanism of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine and methylphenidate
Low dose - Increases release of NE and DA
Med dose - Blocks reuptake of NE & DA
High dose - Inhibits MAO
CNS affects/tolerance of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine and methylphenidate
Alert, no fatigue, increased concentration, inc motor/speech, inc athleticism, inc speed of tasks, inc rate/depth of resp center, dec food consumption
Dependence – withdrawal results in drug craving, fatigue, excessive eating
Toxic effects of Amphetamine, methamphetamine and methylphenidate
Acute – Inc. BP, arrhythmia, circ collapse, hyperthermia, dizziness, confusion, insomnia, seizures, coma
Chronic – Amphetamine Psychosis – hallucinations, delusions, weight loss
Use of Cocaine
Local anesthetic? Not legal, and no real clinical uses
Mechanism of Cocaine
NE & DA reuptake inhibitor
CNS affects/tolerance of Cocaine
Same as Amphetamines, although half-life is only 50min (vs amphet h-life 10hrs)
Smoked, injected, mucosal inhalation, same effect from same dose every day
Toxic effects of Cocaine
Cardiac arrhythmias, coronary/cerebral thrombosis, affects intra-utero brain dvlpmt
Mechanism of MDMA (ecstasy)
More lipophilic than Meth
Stimulates release & blocks reuptake of Epi, NE, DA, 5HT (Directly stimulates 5HT21A receptors - important for temperature regulation)
Affects Histamine, GABA, ACh, DA receptors
Bath salts
(Methylenedioxygprovalerone, Mephedrone)
Uses, Addictive qualities and adverse effects of Bath Salts
Uses - Cocaine substitute
Addictive qualities - highly addictive
Adverse effects - Chest pains, increased BP & HR, agitation,
hallucinations, paranoia, delusions
