Swine Medicine: Vaccines

Question 1

vaccine types

Answer 1

commercial
autogenous
natural infeciton

Question 2

commercial vaccine types

Answer 2

killed: safe, cheap, do not overly agaitate immune system
MLV: +/- return to virulence. more expensive
DNA: human and poultry med. shorter duration of immunity
bacterial spores: hardy
bacterial ghosts: cell wall components
peptides

Question 3

autogenous vaccines

Answer 3

strain specific
may target wrong strain. high cost
staph hyicus & strep suis

Question 4

natural infection

Answer 4

feedback vaccines

ETEC & TGE

Question 5

maternal antibodies

Answer 5

epitheliochoreal placenta= no immunity transfer
colostral absorption 3-24hrs (IgG + IgM)
IgA produced continuously in milk
variable protection
vaccinate late gestation sows

Question 6

vaccine response

Answer 6

humoral: IgG, IgM. long tiders
mucosal: IgA. ETEC
cell mediated: important for mycoplasma hyponeumoniae

Question 7

vaccine failure common causes

Answer 7

improper strain/serotype
misuse (storage/ application..)
excessive challenge
maternal antibodies (sow too stressed to mount response)
misdiagnosis/ additional pathogens

Question 8

nursery pig vaccination

Answer 8

killed bacterins
agents:
Erysipelothrix rhusopathiae
–“diamond skin disease”
Bordetella bronchiseptica & Pasturrella multocida –“atrophic rhinitis”
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP)
–pleuropneumoniae. not used where erradicated

Question 9

pet pig vaccination

Answer 9

Erysipelothrix rhusopathiae 
--"diamond skin disease"
Clostridia
--tetanus, C, D
Rabies

Question 10

in-feed antibiotic alternatives

Answer 10

spray dried animal plasma
probiotics
zinc salts
organic salts