Swine Medicine: Dermatology/ Pets Flashcards
sarcoptic mange
Sarcoptes scabiei suis
10-25d lifecycle. mites in external ear hyperkaratptic crust
economic loss in grower/finisher stage
clinical signs:
pruritic. thickened, scaley, hyperkaratotic skin around pinnae/axilla/trunk
diagnosis:
deep skin scraping
treatment:
simultaneous, repeat, whole herd ivermectin/ doramectin
environmental disinfection
prevention:
treat & isolate new arrivals. all show pigs suspect.
lice
Hematopinus suis
clinical signs:
less pruritic than sarcoptis mange
pruritic. thickened, scaley, hyperkaratotic skin around pinnae/axilla/trunk
diagnosis:
easily visualized
treatment:
simultaneous, repeat, whole herd ivermectin/ doramectin
environmental disinfection
prevention:
treat & isolate new arrivals. all show pigs suspect.
parakaratosis
clinical signs:
pigs >2mo. nuclei retained in stratum corneum
poor growth rate, non-pruritic. thickened skin with deep fissures/ clefts in scales
esophagus/tongue/pars esophagea involved
diagnosis:
histology. serum/ liver Zn
treatment:
dietary Zn
prevention:
monitor diet (Zn antagonized by soybean phytic acid and high dietary Ca)
sporadic serum/ liver Zn testing at slaughter
erysipales
“Diamond Skin Disease”
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae gram (+) rod
clinical signs:
sudden death. high fever. reluctance to stand. non-pruritic
well demarcated cutaneous lesions due to widespread vasculitis
diagnosis:
necropsy– petichiae multiple organ involvement via septicemia.
septic arthritis & vegetative valvular endocarditis (tropism)
treatment:
penicillin
prevention:
core vaccination in pet pigs
Exudative Epidermitis
“Greasy Pig Disease”
clinical signs:
nursery piglets 4-8wks
lethargic, poor appetite, toxemia, renal lesions
odoriferous, moist, greasy exudate with large scabs, crusts
diagnosis:
Staphylococcus hyicus
treatment:
euthanasia with severe lesions
prevention:
nursery hygine
foreign animal vesicular diseases in swine
Foot and Mouth Disease
Vesicular Stomatitis
SWine Vesicular Disease
Vesicular Exanthema of Swine
Aflatoxin (Mycotoxin)
Origin: Aspergilllus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus
Tropism: hepatotoxic
B1 = potent carcinogen
clinical signs from immunosupression
Ochratoxin & Citrinin (Mycotoxins)
Origin:
Ochratoxin (Aspergillus + Penicillium)
Citrinin (Penicillium)
Tropism: nephrotoxic
Trichothecenes (Mycotoxin)
Origin: Fusarium
Clinical signs: reduced feed intake, vomiting
Zearalenone (Mycotoxin)
Origin: Fusarium
Estrogen bioactivity has reproductive consequences
edema/liver disease/ reduced weight gain
leukoencephalomalacia in horses
Hog Cholera/ Classical Swine Fever Virus
highly contagious pestivirus related to BVD
clinical signs:
fever, profuse ocular discharge + conjunctivitis, ataxia “goose stepping”, diarrhea, vommiting
diagnosis:
renal surface petichiation “turkey kidney”
circumscribed lg intestine ulcers “button ulcers”
splenic infarcts
Porcine Stress Syndrome manifestations
autosomal recessive defect
Porcine stress syndrome
Back muscle necrosis
Pale soft exudative pork
Classic malignant hyperthermia
treatment: cool pig down. genetic selection against sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca release channel RyR1
Porcine stress syndrome
nonanesthetic MH
clinical signs:
dyspnea, hyperhtermia, disseminated vasoconstriction. rapid rigor mortis.
Back muscle necrosis
localized MH
clinical signs:
severe pain and swelling of lumbar muscles. dog sitting
Pale soft exudative pork
postmortum muscle denaturation
clinical signs: mushy pork not moo shu
