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Registered Sanitarian > Swimming Pools & Recreational Facilities > Flashcards

Swimming Pools & Recreational Facilities Flashcards

1
Q

Studies indicate that swimmers have a higher overall illness rate over non-swimmers

A

Regardless of bathing water quality

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2
Q

The treatment system of a pool is typically recommended to be installed in which of the following flow arrangements?

A

Skimmer or gutter line, main drain line, adjustment valves, hair strainer, filter aid pump, filters, disinfectant feeder, pH feeder, adjustable inlets

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3
Q

Swimming pool water clarity is measured in terms of NTU or Nephelometer Turbidity Units. It is recommended that a level of 0.5 NTU

A

Shall not be exceeded

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4
Q

A swimming pool filtration system should filter the entire volume of water at a minimum of every

A

6 hours

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5
Q

The rate of filtration for a vacuum diatomite filter should be

A

1-2 gpm/ft2

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6
Q

Chemicals that have been used for pool disinfection include chlorine, chloroiso-cyanurates, bromine, and

A

Nothing

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7
Q

Due to the large quantity of floating organisms and materials, the gutters or skimmers should receive what minimum percent of the total pool water?

A

60%

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8
Q

The recommended and most effective method of maintaining pool water quality is

A

Continuous recirculation, chlorination, and filtration

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9
Q

One advantage of using cyanuric acid additive is that it

A

Stabilizes residual chlorine

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10
Q

The acidity-alkalinity balance affects eye irritation, water coagulation, and the

A

Effectiveness of chlorine

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11
Q

The addition of sodium bicarbonate will

A

Raise the pH

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12
Q

To raise the pH add

A

Soda ash

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13
Q

To mix acid and water, always

A

Add acid to water

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14
Q

When chlorine is added to water

A

One acid is formed

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15
Q

The best control of swimmer’s itch at a bathing beach is to

A

Add copper sulfate

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16
Q

The preferred method for controlling sewage from watercraft is the use of

A

Onboard holding tanks

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17
Q

Gas chlorine provides

A

100% available chlorine

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18
Q

The microbe primarily responsible for skin infections in whirlpools is

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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19
Q

Water in childrens’ wading pools should be completely recirculated every (minimum standard)

A

60 minutes

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20
Q

The ideal pH range for swimming pools

A

7.4-7.6

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21
Q

The generally prohibited swimming facility from a public health perspective is a

A

Fill and draw pool

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22
Q

It is essential that all public pools

A

Run the recirculation and disinfection equipment 24 hours per day

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23
Q

To calculate turn over rate

A

Pool volume/flow rate/60

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24
Q

The main drain should have a grate that is how much larger than the area of the discharge pipe to prevent dangerous suction effects? (absolute minimum)

A

4 times

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25
Q

What are the instances when a pool must immediately close?

A
  1. Gates are not self-closing
  2. The free available chlorine levels have fallen below 1 ppm (ideal 2-4 ppm, spas- 3-5 ppm). Max. level of chlorine should not exceed 4 ppm.
  3. pH is not between 7.2 and 7.8
  4. Water circulation/filtration system is not operating and circulating water at the proper rate
  5. Main drains are not visible, properly attached, or fully intact
  6. Drain covers are not VGB compliant or ANSI successor standard
  7. Single drains are not VBG compliant and do not have an additional level of protection against entrapment
  8. Water temperature exceeds 104 degrees F
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26
Q

What are the 3 signal words on chemicals?

A

Caution, warning, danger

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27
Q

What is the strongest signal word?

A

Danger

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28
Q

The EPA has determined that the chlorine gas used for swimming pools should be reclassified from General Use to

A

Restricted Use

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29
Q

Ounces to pounds conversion

A

Ounces / 16 = pounds

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30
Q

Yards to feet conversion

A

Yards x 3 = feet

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31
Q

Meters to feet conversion

A

Meters x 3.28 = feet

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32
Q

Grams to kilograms conversion

A

Grams / 1000 = kilograms

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33
Q

Fluid ounces to gallons conversion

A

Fluid ounces / 128 = gallons

34
Q

Liters to gallons conversion

A

Liters / 3.785 = gallons

35
Q

Fluid ounces to cups conversion

A

Fluid ounces / 8 = cups

36
Q

Cubic feet to gallons conversion

A

Cubic feet x 7.5 = gallons

37
Q

Quarts to gallons conversion

A

Quarts / 4 = Gallons

38
Q

Pints to quarts

A

Pints / 2 = Quarts

39
Q

Gallons to pounds

A

Gallons x 8.33 = pounds

40
Q

Square inches to square feet

A

Square inches / 144 = square feet

41
Q

BTUs vs temperature rise

A

BTUs= gallons x 8.33 x degrees F

42
Q

What are the 4 main areas of interest for swimming pool inspections?

A

Pool structure, water treatment equipment, water quality, and sanitation

43
Q

What does the main drain collect?

A

Settling solids from the bottom

44
Q

Skimmers ? the water’s surface

A

Clean

45
Q

Return waterlines are positioned to ensure ?

A

Total water circulation

46
Q

The pool filter is sized to handle the gallons per minute delivered by ?

A

The pool pump

47
Q

User load equation (SPA)

A

surface area / 10 sq. ft. per user

48
Q

User load equation (PUBLIC INDOOR)

A

surface area / 24 sq. ft. per user

49
Q

User load equation (PUBLIC OUTDOOR)

A

deep end / 27 sq. ft. per user + shallow area / 15 sq. ft. per user

50
Q

Surface area equations (rectangle & circle)

A

Rectangle- LxW= Sq. Ft.

Circle- 3.14 x Radius X Radius= Sq. Ft.

(radius= diameter/2)

51
Q

Pool volume equations (rectangle & circle)

A

Rectangle- L x W x avg.depth x 7.5= gallons

Circle- 3.14 x radius x radius x avg.depth x 7.5= gallons

(average depth= (shallow + deep) /2)

52
Q

Turnover rate equation

A

Pool volume / flow rate/ 60 = hours

53
Q

Flow rate equation

A

Pool volume / turnover rate / 60 = GPM

54
Q

Filter surface area

A

Flow rate / filtering rate = Sq. Ft.

55
Q

Heater sizing

A

Pool volume x 8.33 x temp. adjustment = BTU

56
Q

Spa water Replacement Frequency Equation

A

Spa gallons / 3/ avg. users per day = replacement interval (days)

57
Q

The design flow rate for high-rate sand filters is

A

5-20 gpm/ft^2

15 gpm/ft^2 being the most used

58
Q

The depth to which particles penetrate will be proportional to the ?

A

Flow rate

59
Q

Filter media rate of cartridge filters

A

0.375 and 1.0 gpm/ft^2

60
Q

Cartridge filters are considered ? media and are not ?

A

Replaceable, backwashed

61
Q

In a vacuum D.E. system, the pool water flows by gravity from the main drain and then surface to an ?

A

Atmospheric filter tank

62
Q

What does the filter media rate have to be between in vacuum D.E. filters?

A

1-2 gpm/ft^2

63
Q

Ideal amount of free chlorine

A

2.0-4.0 ppm

64
Q

Amount of combined chlorine aloud in pools

A

0 ppm

65
Q

Ideal visible algae and bacteria aloud in pool water

A

None

66
Q

Ideal temperature of pool

A

80.5 degrees F

67
Q

Ideal cyanuric acid (ONLY IN OUTDOOR POOLS)

A

30-50 ppm

68
Q

What is free chlorine

A

All chlorine present in the water, left over and is available to inactivate disease-causing organisms; measure of potability

69
Q

What is combined chlorine?

A

The amount of chlorine that has reacted with inorganic and organic nitrogen-containing molecules to make weak disinfectants that are unavailable for disinfection

70
Q

What is total chlorine?

A

The sum of combined chlorine and free chlorine

71
Q

How does the water flow through a pool

A

Pool basin–>through the main drain–>skimmer via the piping–>to the pool treatment equipment–>back to the pool

72
Q

The largest area of contamination is the water’s

A

Surface

73
Q

Pool codes and regulations commonly require one skimmer for each

A

400-500 sq. ft. of water surface area

74
Q

The minimum water flow through a skimmer

A

Defined by code and manufacturer’s specifications

75
Q

Mounted at the entrance to the skimmer body is

A

The floating weir (adjusts the level of the water, providing the skimming action)

76
Q

The circulation pump draws

A

Water from the pool. The water flows through the pool wall opening and over the weir in the skimmer. The weir acts as a barrier for water and debris which does not allow a backwards motion into the pool

77
Q

Inside the skimmer housing is a basket for ?

A

The collection of larger debris, must be cleaned on a routine basis to maintain proper water flow.

78
Q

How does an equalizer line work for a skimmer

A

If there is an interruption of water to the skimmer, the float valve will close and the equalizer valve will open causing water to flow out of the pool through the equalizer line. If the water level falls below the skimmer wall outlet, the equalizer line becomes active. This ensure the pump will have adequate water flow and not lose prime.

79
Q

Hyperthermia definition

A

Having body temperature greatly above normal

80
Q

Hyptothermia

A

Having a lower than normal body temperature

Registered Sanitarian (16 decks)

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