Potable Water Flashcards
What type of well is considered least likely to become contaminated?
Drilled–due to the depth and use of continuous casing
Diatomaceous earth filters
Should be supplemented by a chlorination system
Microbial pollution travels only a short distance through
Smooth clay
What type of filter is recommended for use in small communities and rural places?
Slow sand
All of the following are used to disinfect water except
Fluorine
Backsiphonage may be prevented by all of the following except
Hydrostatic loops
Which of the following is the least effective method for cadmium removal from drinking water?
Activated carbon
Cadmium causes flu-like symptoms, damaged lungs (acute), and can result in kidney, bone, and lung disease (chronic). Can become exposed by eating foods grown in ion contaminated soil.
Before a drinking water sample is taken, the sampling tap should be clean, free of leaks, and flushed for how long?
2-3 minutes
What contaminant has been associated with learning and cognitive disorders in children who drink contaminated water?
Lead
What does “potable” mean?
Water can be consumed in any desired amount without concern for adverse effects on health.
3 types of water systems are:
Community Water System-public, supplies water to same population year-round
Non-Transient Non-Community Water System-public, regulalry supplies water to at least 25 of the same people at least 6 months/year (schools, factories, etc.)
Transient Non-Community Water System-public, provides water in a place such as a gas station or campground where people do not remain for long periods of time
The microbiological quality of potable water is typically expressed in terms of
The concentration, frequency, presence, or absence of a particular species of bacteria
The Safe Drinking Water Act (1974) required the EPA to
Set enforceable standards for health-related drinking water contaminants to apply to all public water systems
Under the National Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Regulations, maximum contaminant levels have been implemented for
Inorganic, volatile organic, & synthetic organic chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, etc.)
The surface water treatment rule addresses the contamination of drinking supplies due to
Giardia, Crypto, & Legionella
The term maximum contaminant level indicates the
Highest permissible level of a contaminant in water that is delivered to any user of a public water system
Surface water is described as
The water that is open to the atmosphere and subject to surface runoff.
Surface water is produced by
Runoff of precipitation and by groundwater seepage.
Examples: lakes, streams, ponds, etc.
The quality of the surface water depends on
The watershed, area drained, land use, location, source of natural and man-made pollution, and natural agencies of purification.
Surface water supplies always require some type of treatment and must retain
A disinfectant residual before they may be considered potable.
Water in the zone of ? is referred to as groundwater.
Saturation
Groundwater may be under direct contamination of ? when little filtration is provided.
Surface water
The presence of indicator bacteria E. coli in water, suggests that the water is contaminated with
Fecal material
Inorganics in water that cause illness include
Mercury, lead, copper, nitrates, nitrites, and asbestos.
