General Environmental Health Flashcards
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children under 5 years old?
Haemophilus influenzae type B
ear infections, pneumonia, etc.
How is “giardiasis usually transmitted to others?
Person-to-person transfer of cysts from the feces of the infected individual
Bacteria: Giardia duodenalis
Which of the following duties of state and local health agencies is focused to protect the public’s health and welfare?
Regulatory responsibilities
Which of the following is a measure of the amount of light scattered by particles suspended in a water test sample?
Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU)
Measuring the turbidity of fluid or particles suspended in the water (higher the concentration=dirtier…higher turbidity)
What is an epidemic?
The occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness clearly in excess of expectancy
What portal of entry should a field sanitarian protect to avoid contracting Lyme disease?
Skin
Ticks
Swimmer’s itch is a common name for which of the following diseases?
Schistosomiasis
Appears as a skin rash, caused by parasitic worms that infect freshwater snails
Which of the following factors would least contribute to the emergence of a new infection disease?
Heat disinfection
Listeriosis is commonly associated with
Contaminated food
Bacteria: Listeria monocytogenes, present in soil, animal digestive tracts.
Foods with long shelf-life under refrigeration and foods consumed without the cooking treatment (RTE)
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is caused by infection with
escherichia coli O157:H7
Affects the kidneys and blood clotting functions, causes destruction of red blood cells=kidney failure. Complication of diarrheal infection
The basic principles of disease control include all of the following except
Lag phase
Bacteria growth phase when cells are adjusting to a new environment before starting exponential growth
Which of the following phrases most accurately describes the term endemic?
Constant presence of an illness
The interval between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of the first symptom is called the
Incubation period
An environmental health specialist receives a cash payment from a restaurant operator in order to receive a passing restaurant inspection score. This event is known as
Malfeasance
An environmental health manager trains environmental health specialists on the operation of environmental probe thermometers. In the interest of time, the manager omits a training section on safe sheathing of the thermometer, and subsequently an environmental health specialist punctures their finger and injures themselves. This is an example of
Nonfeasance
An environmental health specialist informs vector control staff to perform “landing counts” on their skin in a known mosquito breeding ground which is confirmed positive with West Nile Virus. This is an example of
Misfeasance
Vehicleborne, vectorborne, and airborne are all examples of
Indirect mode of transmission
