Svallbard/Alaska

Question 1

Name Svalbards main town and its population

Answer 1

Longyearbein and 2,700

Question 2

Name Svalbards opportunities for development

Answer 2

Mineral extraction, energy development, tourism, fishing

Question 3

name two things that make mineral extraction a good opportunity

Answer 3

• Rich in coal reserves

- Longest industry in Svalbard

Question 4

name two things that make energy developments a good opportunity

Answer 4

• On the Mid Atlantic ridge-constructive plate boundary so they can use geothermal energy
• Carbon Capture and storage in the upcoming future

Question 5

name two things that makes tourism a good opportunity

Answer 5

• Beautiful landscapes

- polar bears, extreme wilderness

Question 6

name two things that make fishing a good opportunity

Answer 6

• ice free fishing due to teh Gulf Stream

- breeding and nursery grounds for many fish

Question 7

What two mines in Svalbard were shut down

Answer 7

Svea and Luckefjell

Question 8

Why did the mines in Svalbard get shut down

Answer 8

Coal production became unprofitable due to a drop in Global prices

Question 9

How can risk to cold environments be reduced

Answer 9

• the use of technology
• action boy governments
• the work of conservation groups

Question 10

when was oil discovered in Alaska and why did they have to find an alternative route to transport the oil

Answer 10

It was discovered in 1969 and they had to make the trans- Alaskan pipeline which transported oil 1300km From Prudhoe bay to the bay of Valdez

Question 11

What has been done to make the pipeline more environmentally friendly

Answer 11

The pipeline is raised to that it can allow the natural migration of the Caribou and also so that it doesn’t melt the permafrost

Question 12

What was the antarctic treaty

Answer 12

in 1959 the antarctic treaty was signed by the countries with territorial claims to Antarctica. With the aim to protect the natural environment of the largest wilderness on earth.

Question 13

what are the arguments for protecting cold environments as wilderness areas

Answer 13

• wilderness area are fragile and are easily damaged by economic activity
• untouched natural environments form important outdoor laboratories for scientific research
• rare animals and plants will be protected

Question 14

what are the arguments for not protecting cold environments as wilderness areas

Answer 14

• cold environments are rich in resources, such as oil, precious minerals, fish and timber.
• over 4 million people already live in the arctic in palace with the environment
• technology now allows cold environment to be exploited with less impact