Sustainable development water perspectives Flashcards
Water management
is different all over the world
Water in the Netherlands is
A common pool resource. Water companies are public and you don’t pay for the water, but for the cleaning and transport of the water.
A public-private partnership in the water sector
ownership of water remains public, certain functions are delegated to private companies.
Prive investments in water in Argentina
lead to a slight increase in water price, but also a decrease in child mortality
3 sources of water
- groundwater
- surface water
- cleaned wastewater
Two thing to focus on when managing water
- quality
- quantity
Roles of water management
- Protecting, managing and sharing groundwater and surface water resources
- Developing and applying waste water and drinking water technologies
- Continuous investment in water infrastructure
- Develop, imply and maintain water policies including quality guidelines and monitoring programs
- Sharing knowlegde
Water quality is influenced by
- medication
- Chemicals
- Nano particles
Water management
should start at the beginning of the life cycle. Don’t let the water be polluted upstream.
Drinking water and waste water
if handled by the same company this will lead to circular thinking
Why are investments in water infrastructure important? (2)
- A large part of the infrastructure has a long lifetime and should therefore be good
- leakages should be prevented
why should water leakage be prevented
if there are leakages, it has basically become an open system where contaminations could enter.
In countries as the UK and Greece 20% of water is lost in leakages
Why is water policy continuously in development?
New chemicals and medicine are introduced on the market all the time. all of these can have an influence on the water.
RATA
risk analysis and technology assessment
Chemical production is growing…
Chemicals are evaluated on their effect on health and environment
they are however not tested
Wastewater treatment is for:
- removing smell
- removing nutrients
- removing bacteria
It does not remove chemicals
Effect of chemicals
- Can small chemical traces in the water lead to reactions between chemicals?
- will chemicals accumulate together
Techniques to clean water
- membrane filtration
- Oxidative techniques
membrane filtration
- active carbon
- nanofiltration
oxidative techniques
UV or ozone disinfection
can have byproducts that are harmful
Not using chlorine in water
is a sign that in the Netherlands we trust the source of our water and our water treatment enough to not need chlorine
Pharmaceuticals are
not tested on their environmental impacts
Unlike for chemicals
there is no legislation (yet) on nanopraticles in water
