Sustainability lesson 5 - 6

Question 1

criteria for a sustainable hotel

Answer 1

• New technologies
• Sustainable energy
• Food policy - purchasing and waste
• Personnel - training, equity
• Management (sustainable hospitality chain management)
• Long-term investment both tangible and intangible assets

Question 2

Case study: The Siona in Cuyabeno Wildlife Reserve, Ecuador

Answer 2

• negative
• Externally-led tourism development: local is excluded
• Sustainable discourse is very present in the area
• Environmental issues (only respected), socio-economic problems!
• Hosts face economic exclusion due to sustainable practices
• Increasing commodification leads to economic inequality among natives
• Increasing nature-based tourism (no more culture) - 74% in 2001 and 62% in 2013
• THIS IS WORNG - a false perception

Question 3

Some concerns

Answer 3

● Economic change
● Alcoholic addition + sugar: alcohol sold at the camp, diabetes
● Environmental approach (green-consciousness): dump in river
● Cultural change -> change the structure of traditional house -> finance + manage?
○ External stakeholder: tour operator
○ Local has less and less access to employment
○ Socio-economic issue, more conflicts, social tension, gender issue (women employed more than men)

Question 4

Pairs of paradoxes

Answer 4

■ Cultural evolution vs. museumification
■ Development vs preservation
■ Authenticity vs commodification

Question 5

Ecotourism is interested in

Answer 5

○ Natural scenery
○ Minimal impact
○ Building ecological consciousness
○ Economic benefits to the locals
○ Direct economic benefits to conservation
○ Cultural relativism and respect for local culture
○ Assistance to human rights ‘development’ and democratic movements

Question 6

Theoretical concern

Answer 6

• 3-bottom lines (economic, social, environmental) perspective
• 4th - culture/ethics/compassion
• 5th - peace

Question 7

creative destructions

Answer 7

create products that only last a few years

e.g. aPPLE

Question 8

Commodification

Answer 8

the action of treating something as a mere commodity

Question 9

museumification

Answer 9

presenting a historical place to attract tourists

e.g. more Africans wear rings around necks around tourists

Question 10

microcredit

Answer 10

small loans granted to low income individuals that are excluded from the traditional banking system (normally female)

Question 11

Case Study: Wakatobi Dive Resort (positive)

Answer 11

● Negotiate with local people first
● Difficulty: the harmony between management and local people is very fragile, local people didn’t have education “ if you don’t pay better salary, we will burn the resort”
● Negotiating between stakeholders is a serious issue

Question 12

Eco-label

Answer 12

identify environmentally friendly products and services. Eco-label criteria guarantee that a given product or service is fit for use, and that it will have reduced environmental impact throughout its life cycle.