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APC Revision > Sustainability > Flashcards

Sustainability Flashcards

1
Q

What is COP 26?

A

Conference of the Parties
26th meeting
Happened in 2021 in Glasgow

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2
Q

What is Glasgow Financial Alliance?

A

Formed at COP26
Aim to provide private capital to achieve net zero
Capital input totals $130trillion

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3
Q

Define sustainability

A

Bruntland report 1992

Meeting the needs of today without compromising on the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

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4
Q

Principles of sustainability

A

Social = healthy communities
Economical = strong responsive economy
Environmental = protect and enhance natural, built and historic environment

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5
Q

What are three principles of planning and decision making?

A

Creative process
Proactive
High quality
Account for surroundings
Low carob energy
Conserve natural environment and reduce pollution
Encourage brownfield
Conserve heritage
Use transport i.e cycling, walking
Support health, social and cultural wellbeing

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6
Q

What are common environmental issues?

A

Water pollution
Air and noise pollution
Carbon emissions
Contamination
Damage habitats
Wastage
Release of gases and chemicals

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7
Q

What legislation affects sustainability?

A

Agricultural Land Act - control pests and weeds
Building Act 1984 - conserve fuel and power
Clean Air Act - control air pollution
Climate Change Act 2008 - cut greenhouse gases
Energy Act 2011
Environmental Protection Act - disposal of household waste
Wildlife and Countryside Act
Flood and Water Management Act

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8
Q

What are key building regs?

A

Part L - conservation of fuel and power

EPC - energy efficiency
- built, sold, let

DEC - Display Energy Certificate
- 250sqm

Waste management plans

BREAAM and other assessment methods

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9
Q

How does taxation affect sustainability?

A

Landfill Tax - in addition to landfill rates and is based on weight

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10
Q

What is BREEAM?

A

Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method

Set standards through: specification, design, construction and operation

Assesses: energy, land, water, health and wellbeing, pollution, materials, waste and management

Ratings (6): unclassified, pass, good, very good, excellent, outstanding

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11
Q

What is a SKA Rating?

A

It’s for non domestic fit outs i.e office
Measures fit out vs good practice measures
Lower cost than BREEAM

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12
Q

What is LEED?

A

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

US equivalent to BREAAM

Ratings (4): certified, silver, gold, platinum

Reviews the life cycle of carbon emissions

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13
Q

How does the Coop ensure sustainability?

A

Recycle, efficient lighting, EV cars, cycle scheme, cloud storage, charity, green initiates

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14
Q

Explain the Paris Agreement?

A

Signed in 2016 as an international treaty

Aim to restrict global warming to less than 2 degrees with a target of 1.5

Requires transparent reporting by all countries

Commits all major countries

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15
Q

Name sustainable building methods?

A

Recycling - tiles, plastics
Heat pumps
Solar
Solar shading
Wind
Rain
Green roofs
Automated systems

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16
Q

Explain what a green roof is?

A

Vegetation on roof on a membrane
Adds layers incl drainage, irrigation root barriers and soil
Absorbs rain, insulates and increases biodiversity

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17
Q

What are photovoltaics ?

A

Turns sunlight into electric
Sunlight contain energy known as photons
Photons hit solar modules within solar panel that cause electrons to flow through bottom layer
Electron movement creates electricity flows into inverter

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18
Q

What is a soak away?

A

Surface water drainage
Hole or pit
Water runs into the soil

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19
Q

What is carbon neutral?

A

Carbon emitted vs carbon absorbed
Impacts environment and global warming
Carbon not removable from atmosphere to offset global warming

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20
Q

Explain solar gain?

A

Increased temperature in space, object or structure
Retain by thermal mass
Avoid by reflecting i.e insulation

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21
Q

How to manage solar gain?

A

Limited window/door openings
Shade from sun
Reflect
Insulate walls and roof

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22
Q

Explain ground source heating?

A

Heat from the ground absorbed at a low temperature
Turns into fluid via pipe
Fluid to compressor which raises the temperature
Cooled fluid back into the ground

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23
Q

What are SUDs?

A

Sustainable drainage system
Surface water to landscape
Environmentally friendly
Natural vegetation to absorb surface water
Slow down surface water run off

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24
Q

Benefits of BREAAM?

A

Lower running costs
Lower environmental impact
Marketability
Desirable
Value increased
Better PR

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25
Q

What is rainwater harvesting?

A

Reduces water demand
Reduces imported water
Water and energy conservation
Reduces cost
Helps with BREAAM rating

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26
Q

Explain understanding of EPCs

A

Introduced in 2007
Legal requirement when sold or let
Last ten years
A-G ratings
Provides efficiency improvements
Shows co2 emissions

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27
Q

What are the RICS initiatives re sustainability

A

SKA - encourage green codes of practice
Value the planet - implement UN sustainable development goals
Responsible business - high recycling, reduce energy, transport and water used

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28
Q

How to promote sustainability?

A

No printing
Car share
Cycle
Recycle
Efficient equipment
No plastic
Limit waste
Cloud storage

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29
Q

Name exemptions from EPCs

A

Place of worship
Temporary buildings
Some listed buildings

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30
Q

What are the punishments for not providing an EPC?

A

Fine = 2.5% RV
Minimum 500
Max 5,000

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31
Q

What are MEES

A

Not to let if EPC below F/G

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32
Q

What are landlords obligations?

A

Permissible = consent not given for alterations
Appropriate = reduce value of 5%
Cost effective = 7 year rule

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33
Q

How to building sustainably?

A

Insulate
Air tightness
Thermal mass
Natural light
Sustainable material
Renewable technology
Minimise waste

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34
Q

Name three key areas on social responsibility

A

ESG
Environmental Social Governance

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35
Q

What is a green loan?

A

Financing for projects which contribute to environmental objectives such as EPC improvements, upgrading to solar or wind power

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36
Q

Kyoto protocol?

A

Effect Feb 2005, countries reduction in emissions target equating to average 5%

Replaced by Paris agreement

37
Q

MEES in resi

A

Since 1 April 2020, cannot let or continue to let below E unless exempt

38
Q

MEES cost cap

A

Required to spend 3,500 (including VAT) on efficiency improvements.

If not reach E, make all improvements up to 3,500 and register ‘all improvements made’ exemption

39
Q

MEES Commercial

A

1 April 2023 - E or above

Not apply to term certain not exceeding 6 months or term certain of 99 years or more

40
Q

Non-domestic EPC exemptions

A

7 year payback test

  • savings over 7 yr period on energy bills are less than cost of repaying it
  • exemption lasts 5 years
41
Q

What is Passivhaus?

A

Buildings that use substantially less energy for heating than those constructed in line with current Regs

42
Q

What is the UN Sustainable Development Goals?

A

In 2015 the UN published a list of 17 SDG as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Developmnt

Incl eliminating poverty, taking climate action, ensuring good health

43
Q

What is net zero?

A

Greenhouse gas emissions balance by removal from the atmosphere by 2050

44
Q

What is ICMS?

A

RICS with prominent organisations developed International Cost Management Standard for developing, benchmarking, measuring and reporting construction costs

45
Q

Recent RICS publication re sustainability?

A

Whole Life Carbon Assessment (WLCA) for the built environment

2nd edition effective 1 July 2024

Standards for whole life carbon assessment including recording any deviations

46
Q

Who are the Better Building Partnership?

A

28 members
Uk main property owners and agent

47
Q

What is the affect of property on the environment

A

Nearly 40% of carbon dioxide emissions come from real estate sector

48
Q

What is a waste management plan?

A

Apply from 6 April 2008
Compulsory for construction projects over 300k
Management of materials efficiently
How to dispose, re-use and recycle

49
Q

What is the Control of Asbestos Regulation 2008?

A

A piece of legislations which imposed obligations on Employers to:
Manage exposure to asbestos within the workplace.
Undertake Risk Assessments before commencing work around asbestos.
Create a detailed plan (Method Statement) of how the works will be carried out around the asbestos.
Prevent and reduce exposure.

50
Q

Types of asbestos

A

White = chrysotile
Brown = amosite
Blue = chrosidolite

51
Q

RICS sustainability report 2023

A

Industry woke up call
Demand for sustainable buildings up
High cost and lack for evidence for return barriers to green investments

52
Q

Which rule of conduct links with sustainability?

A

Rule 3 - good quality and diligent service

53
Q

MEES in the future

A

Intention to raise to a B in 2030

54
Q

What is ESOS?

A

Energy Saving Opportunity Scheme

Remove display energy certs as compliance method
Mandatory energy assessment scheme - every 4 years
Audits of energy used by buildings, industrial processes and transport
Identify cost effective measure to save energy costs and achieve carbon saving

55
Q

Qualification for ESOS

A

Employs 250 people +
Turnover in excess of 44.1m
Balance sheet in excess of 37.9m

56
Q

Gas boilers out

A

2030

57
Q

Common environmental issues in construction sites?

A

Risk of land degradation
Risk to flora and fauna
Risk of water pollution
Air pollution
Land contamination
Noise and vibrations
High energy usage and emissions co2
High wastage production into landfill
Release of gases and dangerous materials

58
Q

Principles of sustainability?

A

Pillars of sustainability
Social: healthy communities
Economical: strong, responsive, competitive economy
Environmental: protecting and enhancing natural, built and historic environment

59
Q

Legislation relating to sustainability

A

Landfill tax
Climate Change Level - introduced by 2000 Finance Bill = tax on energy used

60
Q

What is climate change?

A

Shift in average weather over recent years

61
Q

What are greenhouse gases?

A

Gases that trap the suns heat and cause the plants temperature to rise

62
Q

What was agreed at COP26?

A

Phase down coal
Reduce use of coal
Increased funds to developing countries to cope with climate change

63
Q

Explain green mortgages

A

Rewards buying energy efficient home
Favourable terms
Low interest rate or cash back

64
Q

What is urban greening factor?

A

Evaluates and measured the amount of urban greening to aid appropriate planning of greening on future developments
Aim to increase green cover around buildings

65
Q

How does rule 3 link with sustainability?

A

Encourage solutions that are sustainable

66
Q

What is Approved Document L volume 2?

A

Building reg document for conservation of fuel and power for buildings other than dwellings

67
Q

What is the high cost exemption?

A

Obtained 3 quotes and cost to purchase and install cheapest recommendation exceeds 3,500 - exemption

68
Q

What is the 7 year payback?

A

Non- domestic

Cost to purchase and install improvements does not meet a 7 year payback test

69
Q

What is all improvements made exemption?

A

All improvements recommended are made but remains below an E

70
Q

Name 3 types of EPC exemption?

A

All improvements made
7 year payback
Devaluation - more than 5%
High cost
New landlord - 6 months
Third party consent - consent required from LL

All have 5 year exemption

71
Q

When do MEES not apply to non -domestic property?

A

Term less than 6 months or exceed 99 years

72
Q

When were MEES for non-domestic enforced?

A

1 April 2018 - new letting
1 April 2023 - not to continue letting below E

73
Q

What is the fine for non-compliance with EPC regs?

A

Fine of 500-5,000 depending on RV

74
Q

What does ESG stand for?

A

Environmental, Social, Governance

75
Q

What does ESG include?

A

Environmental - biodiversity, climate change, water and energy efficiency, management systems

Social - equal opps, health and safety, human rights, child labour

Governance - ethics, compliance, shareholder democracy

76
Q

Name three ways to measure ESG?

A

BREEAM
LEED
MEES

77
Q

What does BREEAM circularity and resilience focus on?

A

Encouraging durable design
Responsibly sourced materials
Reduce water and energy consumption
Waste reduction

78
Q

What RICS information re sustainability?

A

Whole life carob assessment for the built environment eff July 2024

79
Q

What were the findings in the RICS sustainability report 2023?

A

Demand for green buildings increased

80
Q

What is the WLCA eff July 2024?

A

Whole life carbon assessment for built environment

81
Q

What are the four principles of sustainablility?

A

Social - wellbeing, H&S
Environmental - preserve and maintain environment
Economic - reuse, less waste
Cultural - inclusion, heritage

82
Q

What are the three objectives in the NPPF

A

Social
Economic
Environmental

83
Q

What is ISO14001?

A

Integration standard for environmental management systems
Minimum environmental footprint
Commitment to reducing environmental impact

84
Q

What was the outcome of COP26?

A

Phase out coal
Reduce greenhouse emissions by 2023

85
Q

What is the aim of the Climate Change Act 2008?

A

Reduce carbon emissions lower than 1990 baseline

86
Q

What are the five principles to PassivHaus?

A

High quality insulation
Heat control and reobust windows
Airtight construction
Heat recover by ventilation
Thermal bridge

87
Q

What is carbon life cycle?

A

View of building carbon footprint
Impact from:
- material/excavation
- manufacturing
- transport
- construction
- maintenance
- repairs
- consumption of energy
- carbon use at end

Offers long term view

88
Q

What is carbon offsetting?

A

Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
-land restoration
-plant trees

89
Q

What is embodied energy?

A

Carbon generated through energy consumption and chemical process

Emissions from all activities - creation to demolition

APC Revision (17 decks)

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