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APC TH > Sustainability > Flashcards

Sustainability Flashcards

1
Q

What does the RICS and the UN Global Compact published ‘Advancing Responsible Business in Land, Construction, Real Estate Use and Investment’ (2018)’ cover?

A

Organisations can identify and address the impact of their activites and decision making when commissioning, planning, designing, constructing and operating buildings

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2
Q

In what four ways does the RICS support sustainability in practice?

A

“1. Evidence based research
2. Best practice requirements
3. Best practice training
4. Certification”

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3
Q

As a surveyor you must understand (in relation to EPCs and MEEs):

A

”- how EPCs and MEEs will affect your client
- how net zero carbon objectives will affect real estate”

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4
Q

When does the Climate Change Act 2008 (Amended 2019) require the UK to achieve ‘net zero carbon’

A

2050

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5
Q

What was the interim target for the UK for reducing emissions under the Climate Change Act?

A

78% by 2030

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6
Q

When did the UK Governement announce the ten point plan for the Green Industrial Revolution and what is it?

A

“01/11/2020
- £12 billion investment to support up to ‘£250,000 green jobs’ “

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7
Q

What measures does the UK Green Building Council framework rank to help properties achieve net zero carbon 2050?

A

“1. Establish Net Zero Carbon Scope
2. Reduce Construction Impacts
3. Reduce Operational Energy use
4. Increase renewable energy supply
5. Offset any remaining carbon”

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8
Q

When is an EPC required?

A

“For all commercial buildings over 50 sqm
- when it is newly built, sold or let for a term of more than 6 months
- when it is newly refurbished and heating, air conditioning or ventilation services are altered
Sale or lease of residential buildings and refurbishment schemes are included
Required for sub-letting or assigning a lease”

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9
Q

What buildings have an exemption from needing an EPC?

A

”- Some listed buildings
- buildings with no heating
- Religious buildings
- Temporary buildings
- buildings due to be demolished/redeveloped”

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10
Q

What are the EPC requirements when marketing a property?

A

”- Must be commissioned within 7 days of the commencement of marketing
- Agents are responsible for procuring EPCs
- Only the actual energy rating is required to be displayed on advertisements
- All online marketing material must have a link to the EPC to show the front page of the EPC “

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11
Q

How long is an EPC valid for?

A

10 years unless the building is altered

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12
Q

What 6 things must the front page of an EPC certificate contain?

A

“1. Address of property and floor area
2. EPC Certificate reference number
3. Technical information on the property’s energy provision
4. Estimation of energy running costs
5. An energy performance rating from A+ to G
6. Benchmarking information”

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13
Q

Who enforces EPC regulations?

A

Local authorities Trading Standards teams

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14
Q

What are the fines for EPC non-compliance on marketing material?

A

“Residential - £200 civil fixed penalty for non-display of EPC information on marketing material
Commercial - Max penalty is equal to 12.5% of the RV of the building (min of £500 and max £5,000)”

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15
Q

What does MEEs stand for?

A

Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards

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16
Q

What do the MEEs 2015 regulations require?

A

“1. New leases from 1st April 2018 (commercial and residential) require at least an E rating, including lease renewals
2. All existing leases from 1st April 2023 for commercial properties (2020 residential)”

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17
Q

What are the MEEs exemptions?

A

”- If a building does not need an EPC, eg place of worship
- Industrial units or workshop with low energy demands
- Tenancy is less than 6 months with no security of tenure
- Tenancy is more than 99 years
- When it is not feasible to improve the EPC rating to an E or above even when all possible improvements with a payback of 7 years have been made (3 quotes must be obtained from energy assessors)
- When it can be proven that improvements would devalue a property by more than 5%
- When third party consent is refused so improvements cannot be carried out”

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18
Q

Where must EPC exemptions be pre-registered?

A

Local Authority Private Rented Sector Exemptions Register

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19
Q

What are the regular EPC non compliance penalties and who polices them?

A

“Local Authority
- Less than 3 months - up to £5,000 or if greater 10% of the RV (max £50,000)
- More than 3 months - up to £10,000 or if gretare 20% of the RV (max £150,000)

Residential
- Less than 3 months £2,000
- More than 3 months £4,000”

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20
Q

What are the potential changes to MEEs for non domestic properties?

A

”- UK Gov consultation has indicated that an E rating will rise to a C by 2027 and to a B by 2030
- All let properties will fall within the scope of MEEs and Listed Buildings will require an EPC
- Must be registered on a new online database by April 2025
- Properties with an EPC registered below a C have to be improved, compliant and registered by April 2027
- Properties with a registered below a B have to be improved, compliant and registered by April 2030”

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21
Q

What are the Assessment of Energy Performance of Non-Domestic Buildings (Scotland) Regulations 2016 (s63 Regs)?

A

”- Apply to buildings which have a GIA of more than 1,000 m2 being offered for sale or rent
- Buildings constructed under Building Regs from March 2022 are exempt plus leases less than 16 weeks
- Action plan must be prepared by an accredited advisor prior to marketing
- Buildings energy and emissions performance must be imporved within 3.5 years of the date of issue and formally reported in an annual Display Energy Certificate
- Enforcement by the local authority
- Scottish Gov have signalled an intention to review energy efficiency schemes for all buildings like the MEEs”

22
Q

What is ESOS?

A

”- Energy Savings Opportunity Schemes
- Mandatory for large organisations in the UK (more than 250 employees, turnover more than 50 million EUR,
- They need to:
1. Measure total consumption across, property, transport and industrial
2. Conduct energy audits to idenitfy energy efficiency solutions
3. Report compliance back to the Environment Agency “

23
Q

What is the Heat Network (Billing and Metering) Regulations 2014 (amended 2015 & 2020)?

A

Relates to the provision of communal heating systems in multi-occupied commercial and residential schemes and to district heating systems

24
Q

What is the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme?

A

Scrapped and replaced by the Climate Change Levy CCL in 2019. Some legacy obligations in place

25
Q

Whats is the Climate Change Levy (CCL)?

A

”- Tax on energy delivered to non-domestic users in the UK
- Incentivises energy efficiency
- Energy generated from renewable sources is exempt”

26
Q

What are display energy certificates?

A

”- Required for public buildings over 250 sqm
- They display actual energy used and Carbon Dioxide emissions”

27
Q

What is BREEAM? (Building research establishment environmental assessment method)

A

”- Voluntary environmental assessment tool to rate new and refurbished buildings
- Looks at 9 metrics
- Pass through to outstanding”
- Help clients benefit from lowering their running costs of their building assets and minimizing the impact on the environment through consideration at planning, design and construction
- Greater marketability to tenants, desirable place to live and work, lower running costs

28
Q

What are other sustainability issues?

A

”- Health and well being of building occupiers
- Green lease clauses which ensure L&T share information about energy and resource usage. Better Buildings Partnerships (BPP) has a green lease toolkit
- RICS Ska rating system aims to be the standard measure of buildings fit out sustainably (gold, silver or bronze)”

29
Q

What is your client’s sustainability policy?

A

Net zero by 2035 - first betting and gaming

30
Q

What is the RICS’ commitment to sustainability?

A

…

31
Q

What is the key RICS information on sustainability?

A

…

32
Q

Buildings are major emitters of carbon

A

…

33
Q

Which part of the building regulations help to drive sustainability?

A

Part L conservation of fuel and power

34
Q

How can you make a commercial building more sustainable?

A

”- Insulation
- Airtightness
- Sustainable materials
- Renewable energy sources”

35
Q

What are MEEs regulations?

A

Set out the minimum level of energy efficiency for private rented property in England and Wales

36
Q

How will MEEs impact valuation?

A

” - Affect investment
- Anything that affects income flow affects value
- If a property cannot be let because of MEEs then this will impact yield analysis and methodology
- Uncertainty statements required and special assumptions
- EPC rating of F or G may make property unsuitable for lending “

37
Q

How will MEEs impact inspections?

A

Key information as part of checklist and due diligence

38
Q

How will MEEs affect L&T?

A

”- Rent review valuation due to lettability
- Landlords may serve hostile notices in order to redevelop “

39
Q

What is sustainability?

A

The ability to maintain or support a process continously over time

40
Q

What are the 3 pillars of sustainability?

A

“1. Economic
2. Social
3. Environment”

41
Q

What is COP26?

A

COP26 is the most recent annual UN climate change conference. COP = conference of the parties.

42
Q

What was agreed at COP26?

A
  • For the first time at a COP conference there was an explicit plan to reduce the use of coal which is responsible for 40% of annual CO2 emissions
  • ‘Phase down’ rather than ‘Phase out’ coal
  • Agreement pledged to significantly increase money to help developing countries cope with the effects of climate change and make the switch to clean energy
43
Q

How did COP26 relate to COP21, the Paris Agreement?

A

Parties agreed to pursue efforts to prevent temperatures rising more than 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels to avoid the most dangerous impacts of global warming
- COP26 discussed how each nation is progressing against the original Paris agreemnt

44
Q

Are you aware of any impending changes to minimum energy efficiency standards?

A
  • Yes I understand the government has recently proposed changes to the EPC requirements for commercial property and buy to let properties which are due to take effect from 2025.
  • Currently the minimum required energy efficiency rating for domestic property requires an E rating however this is expected to increase to a C rating or above form 2025
45
Q

What procedures does your firm implement to promote sustainability?

A
  • Recycling of cardboard, paper and plastics
  • Use of energy efficient lighting systems
  • Energy efficient equipment
  • Cycle to work
  • Reduce printing by cloud based initiatives
  • Sign up to Green initiatives
46
Q

What is the Paris Agreement?

A
  • Legally binding international treaty concerning climate change
  • Adopted by every nation and came into affect 2016
  • Goals to limit global warming well below 2 degrees celsius whilst targeting levels below 1.5 celsius when compared to pre-industrial levels
  • The agreement commits all major emitting countries to cut their climate pollution
47
Q

Name some sustainable building methods

A
  • Use of recycled materials such as reclaimed timber, recycled tiles and plastics
  • Ground source heat pumps
  • Air source heat pumps
  • Photovoltaic panels
48
Q

Name some sustainable building methods

A
  • Use of recycled materials such as reclaimed timber, recycled tiles and plastics
  • Ground source heat pumps
  • Air source heat pumps
  • Photovoltaic panels
49
Q

What does Carbon neutral mean?

A

Having a balance between the carbon emitted and the carbon absorbed from the atmosphere. Important measure of how businesses and projects impact on the environment and global warming.

50
Q

What is an EPC?

A
  • Energy Performance Certificates - They were introduced in 2007 and are a legal requirement for a building to be sold, let or constructed.
  • Once acquired they are valid for 10 years
  • Most energy efficient buildings are in band A
  • A-G
  • Energy efficiency of the asset along with the potential scale improvements are identified
51
Q

What sustainable initiatives are you aware of that have been implemented by the RICS?

A
  • SKA ratings encouraging green codes of practice for commercial properties
  • RICS has launched the Value the Planet campaign and committed to forming a climate change expert panel to implement the UN’s sustainable development goals
  • RICS has also launched a Responsible Business Report filled with solutions for companies to operate in a greener capacity, regardless of the firm’s size. This includes introducing higher recycling rates and reducing energy, transport and water use where possible
52
Q

What things do you do to promote sustainability?

A
  • Print only when necessary
  • Car sharing
  • Use of energy efficient equipment
  • Recycling
  • Minimise waste

APC TH (18 decks)

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