SURVEYING CH 2 Flashcards
5 kinds of measurement
- horizontal angles
- horizontal distances
- vertical (or zenith) angles
- vertical distances
- slope distances
is a comparison of the measured quantity with a standard unit or units employed for measuring a quantity of that kind.
direct measurement
when it is not possible to apply a measuring instrument directly to a quantity to be measured.
indirect measurement
SI unit for plain angles
radian
defined as an angle subtended by an arc of a circle having a length equal to the radius of the circle.
radian
minutes‘ seconds‘’
sexagesimal units
is the prccess of dropping one or more of the final digits so that the value contains only the significant figures required for further computation or for portraying the final results.
rounding off a value
the records of work done in the field
field notes
also known as electronic field book and survey controller
automatic data collector
This is the most important quality in all surveying operations.
accuracy
. A single omitted meaEurement or detail can nullify use of the notes for computing or plotting.
integrity
Notes can be used only if they are legible. A professional-looking set of notes is likely to be professional in quality.
legibility
Notes from appropriate to the particular survey contribute to accuracy, integrity, and legibility.
arrangement
Advance planning and proper field procedures are necessary to ensure clarity of sketches and tabulations, and to minimize the possibility of mistakes and omissions.
clarity
A good sketch will help to convey a correct impression. They are drawn freehand and of liberal size. The student should note that a sketch crowded with unnecessary data is often confusing.
sketches
A series of numerical values observed in the field are best shown in a tabulated format. This format prevents mistakes, allows easy checking, save time, make the calculation legible to others, and simplify the work of the person checking the field notes.
Tabulations
provide a written description of what has been done in the field.
explanatory notes
Calculations of one kind or another form a large part of the work of surveying. Most surveying-type computations are made algebraically by the use of simple arithmetical steps and trigonometric functions.
Computations
The official name of the project or title of the field work should always be identified.
Title of the Field Work or Name of Project
These entries are necessary to document the notes and furnish a timetable, as well as to correlate different surveys.
Time of Day and Date
Temperature, wind velocity, typhoons, storms, and other weather conditions, such as fog, sunshine, and rain have a decided effect upon accuracy in surveying operations.
.
Weather conditions
The chief of party, instrument man, tape man, and other members of the survey party must be identified.
Names of Group Members and Their Designations.
All survey equipment used must be listed, including its make, brand, and serial number.
List of Equipments.
The person who is responsible for the overall direction, supervision, and operational control of the survey party.
Chief of Party
The person whose duty is to assist the chief party in the accomplishment of the task assigned to the survey party.
Assistant Chief of Party
The person whose duty is to set up, level, and operate surveying instruments such as the transit, theodolite, total station, GPS and etc.
Instrument Man
The person who is responsible for use and operation of all electronic instruments required in a field work operation.
Technician
. The person whose duty is to perform all computations of survey data and works out necessary computational checks required in a field work operation.
Computer
The person whose duty is to keep a record of all sketches, drawings, measurements and observations taken or needed for a field work operation.
recorder
The person responsible for the accuracy and speed of all linear measurement with tape.
Head Tapeman
The person whose duty is to assist the head tapeman during taping operations.
Rear Tapeman
The person whose duty is to check linear measurement made by the tapeman.
pacer
The person whose primary duty is to hold the stadia or leveling rod when sights are to be taken on it.
Rodman
