Survey Research Flashcards
Does an improvement in precision require an increase in sample size?
Yes.
What is the proper definition of a point estimate?
In statistics, point estimation involves the use of sample data to calculate a single value which is to serve as a “best guess” or “best estimate” of an unknown population parameter.
What type of sampling does survey research use to generate a sample?
Probability.
What is the RL between standard error and sample size?
As sample size increases, standard error decreases.
Greater sample size, your sample is closer to the population so the standard error beccomes smaller.
What is a sampling frame?
Exhaustive list of all possible sampling elements of the listing of accessible population from which you will draw your sample.
Describe steps of VDT sampling.
6 steps:
- Ask for permission
- Identify and select potential venues frequented by target population (ethnographic RSCH)
- Identify days and times with high traffic (enumeration)
- Construct sampling frame of days and time to visit venues
- Randomly select days and times to visit from sampling frame
- Once PPTs cross imaginary threshold, approach, screen, for eligiblity and ask to PPT
What is difference between standard error and margin of error?
Margin of error is the maximum EXPECTED difference between the true parameter and the sample parameter.
Standard error is a measure of accuracy of the estimated parameter (equal to SD). The standard error is a statistical term that measures the accuracy with which a sample distribution represents a population by using standard deviation. In statistics, a sample mean deviates from the actual mean of a population; this deviation is the standard error of the mean.
Margin of error is expected error (what margin you are comfortable with).
Standard error: done after data collection and you have estimate. Degree of difference between sample and overall population.
What is imputation?
Replacing missing values with substituted values.
What is coverage bias?
Bias resulting from deficits in sampling frame.
Coverage bias in survey research means that a research sample is not representative and that a number of people in the population have zero chance of being included in the sample. In most cases, coverage bias results from the method that we use.
What is response rate?
Number of people who participate in a survey/ number of people asked to PPT in survey.
What is interviewer bias?
Any bias expressed by the person conducting the interview that may influence the respondent’s answers to the question.
What is survey research?
Data collected from sample selected from population of interest.
Purpose to make inferences from sample to target population.
Describe, assess, or better understand a RL or an association.
When would you use survey research?
Descriptive studies (cross-sectional: to calculate prevalence of a thing).
Analytic and evaluation studies (data collected at multiple time points) to determine direction of observed associations.
What are advantages of survey research?
Empirical data collection.
Sample more likely to be representative of true population.
Generate large amount of data in short period of time.
Low-cost.
What are disadvantages of survey research?
High response rate difficult.
