Survey / possible types of research

Question 1

4 Possible Questionnaire formats?

Answer 1

Ranking: Rank order preference

Choice: Selection of preferred alternative

Rating: Estimates magnitude of a characteristic

Sorting: Arrange or classify concepts

Question 2

two types of question writing style?

Answer 2

dichotomous

polytomous

Question 3

key points about dichotomous?

Answer 3

¥ E.g.yes/no or true/false

¥ Makes scoring and admin easier and quicker.

¥ Less ambiguity about responses.

¥ Doesn’t capture ‘shades’ of behaviour.

Question 4

key points about polytomous?

Answer 4

¥ Generally more reliable and easy to understand

¥ 5-7 response options optimal–beyond that, difficult for respondents to discriminate the different options.

Question 5

example of polytomous?

Answer 5

Likert scale

Question 6

what is Q-sort Methodology?

Answer 6

Q-sort Methodology
Ð Establishing evaluative categories
Ð E.g. sorting poems into categories of dislike, like, like very much etc

Question 7

what is Implicit Association Test?

Answer 7

Ð The quick implicit measure (the one which measures implicit racism etc)
Ð Presented stimuli and you judge (good/bad) or something similar

Question 8

what is the type of research where you code behaviour , say from a video?

Answer 8

observational

Question 9

key points of oberservational ?

Answer 9

Observational Research
Ð Watching video of a designed (controlled) experiment / manipulation, and coding certain a priori defined behaviors (i.e verbal aggression = mockery, sarcasm, and openly critical comments)

Question 10

what are common coding critera?

Answer 10

Ð Based on frequency, duration, intervals

Ð Specific time frame sampling / individual sampling / event sampling (e.g. 1 type only)

Ð Obtain inter-rater reliability of coding and data

Ð Be aware of bias – observer bias

Question 11

what is Naturalistic Observation ?

Answer 11

E.g. Communication patterns between elderly patients with aphasia resulting from stroke. Each patient observed 8 hrs at three random time points. Coded conversations, greetings, talking to pets, talking on phone, writing, storytelling. Result: Most likely to occur at home or in some social group. Main diff to healthy controls is the amount of conversation, much less. And much less storytelling.

Question 12

what is Ethnography?

Answer 12

– Completely immersed in behavioural or environmental system. Study and describe functioning. E.g. client-therapist perceptions / aggressive behaviours in other cultures, consumer based subculture of Harley riders.

Question 13

what is Archival Research?

Answer 13

Non-experimental on existing records. A form of which is META –ANALYSIS. Gather raw p-values and DF and get effect sizes to compare.

Question 14

what is test Validity?

Answer 14

Validity is the degree to which a test sets out to measure what it claims to measure.

Question 15

4 TYPES OF SURVEY/ways of obtaining a survey?

Answer 15

Ð Mail survey
Ð Internet
Ð Group
Ð Face-to-face interview