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Block 6 Week 4 > Survey of medical Virology (+/- RNA) and (+ RNA via DNA) > Flashcards

Survey of medical Virology (+/- RNA) and (+ RNA via DNA) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the only kind of +/- RNA virus?

A

double capsid Reo

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2
Q

What is REO an acronym for?

A

respiratory enteric orphan

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3
Q

What kind of virus is a rotavirus?

A

Reovirus Rotavirus

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4
Q

Rotavirus has a (blank) genome

A

segmented, double stranded RNA genome

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5
Q

How do you transmit the rotavirus?

A

fecal-oral route

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6
Q

What does rotavirus cause when transmitted by fecal-oral route?

A

gastroenteritis

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7
Q

What is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children?

A

Rotavirus

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8
Q

WHere does the rotavirus replicate?

A

in the mucosal cells of the small intestine

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9
Q

How does rotavirus present?

A

characterized by nausea ,vomiting and watery, non bloody diarrhea, low grade fever, common in children

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10
Q

How do you diagnose rotavirus?

A

via clinical symptoms (may use ELISA on stool samples)

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11
Q

How should you treat rotavirus?

A

oral rehydration therapy to replace fluids and electrolytes

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12
Q

Is there a vaccine for rotavirus?

A

yes 2

rotarix and rota teq

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13
Q

Since dsRNA contain a + strand, it cannot be translated as part of a duplex. So what must happen?

A

the (-) strand of the genomic dsRNA is first copied into mRNAs by a viral RNA-depenent RNA polymerase to produc viral proteins. Newly synthesized mRNAs are encapsulated and then copied to produce dsRNAs

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14
Q

A 10-month-year-old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit with a 2-day history of fever, vomiting, and watery, non-bloody diarrhea. Physical examination reveals a mildly dehydrated infant with a temperature of 100.4oF but who is otherwise normal. A 3-year-old sister attends a daycare center and had a mild episode of diarrhea a week ago.

What is this?

A

Reovirus-rotavirus

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15
Q

What is the only type of +RNA via DNA virus?

A

encapsulated Retro

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16
Q

What kind of virus is human T-lymphocyte virus?

A

retroviradea

17
Q

HTLV is a (blank) , associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL)

A

oncovirus

18
Q

How is HTLV spread?

A

by infected lymphocytes (CD4+ T cells)

19
Q

Where will the infected T cells of HTLV be found?

A

in semen, blood, and breast milk

20
Q

What is the incubation period of ATL?

A

long incubation period (20-50 years)

21
Q

What are some clinical presentations of HTLV?

A

increased skin lesions, leukemia cells, hepatosplenomegaly, and hypercalcemia

22
Q

How do you diagnose HTLV?

A

ELISA for antibody (serology)

23
Q

Is there a vaccine or therapy for HTLV?

A

no

24
Q

A 60-year-old immigrant for the Caribbean Islands was seen by a physician with complaints of persistent skin rash, fatigue, swollen glands in the groin and under arms and a distended abdomen. Physical exam revealed an enlarged liver and spleen and extensive skin rashes. Laboratory finding demonstrated a marked lymphocytosis with pleiotropic features, elevated LDH and hypercalcemia
What is this?

A

Retroviradae Human T lymphotropic virus

25
Q

What kind of virus is human immunodeficiency virus?

A

retroviradae

26
Q

How does HIV work?

A

its gp120 bind CD4 receptor on T cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells to kill them.

27
Q

How is HIV transmitted?

A

sexual contact, blood, IV drug use and vertically

28
Q

What is common in HIV?

A

opportunistic microbial infections

29
Q

What does HIV present as?

A

acute phase- “flu like” symptoms followed by clinical latency period of weight loss, night sweats, fatigue, and lymphadenopathy

30
Q

HOw long does it take HIV to turn into AIDS?

A

about 10 years

31
Q

What is AIDS?

A

CD4+ T ell count of 200 cells/ml (normal 800-1200 cells/ml)

32
Q

How do you diagnose AIDS?

A

serology and RT PCR to quantitate viral load

33
Q

How do you treat AIDS?

A

HAART

High active anti-retroiral therapy; no vaccine

34
Q

A 40-year-old male was seen by his internist with chief complaints of fever, night sweats, increased episodes of diarrhea during the past month, and a 30 pound weight loss over the previous 4 months. On physical exam, he had oral thrush, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Laboratory findings were significant for a CD4+ cell count of 30 cells /mL.

A

Retroviradae – Human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS

Block 6 Week 4 (9 decks)

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