Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 6 Week 4 > Survey of Medical Virology- AuCoin > Flashcards

Survey of Medical Virology- AuCoin Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of RNA viruses?

A

+RNA
-RNA
+/- RNA
+ RNA via DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 types of + RNA viruses?

A

N and E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the types of -RNA viruses?

A

E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the types of +/- RNA viruses?

A

double capsid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the types of +RNA via DNA viruses?

A

E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the +RNA N viruses?

A

picorna

caici

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the +RNA E viruses?

A

toga
flavi
corona

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the -RNA E viruses?

A 
Rhabdo
Filo
Orthomyxo
Paramyxo
Bunya
Arena
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the +/- RNA double capsid viruses?

A

Reo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the + RNA via DNA E viruses?

A

retro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 types of DNA virsues?

A

enveloped

naked capsid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three types of enveloped DNA viruses?

A

pox
herpes
hepadna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 4 types of naked capsids?

A

polyoma, papilloma, adeno

Parvo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three subtypes of viruses within the Picornaviradae family?

A

Enterovirus
Rhinovirus
Heparnavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the four enteroviruses of the picornaviradae family?

A

poliovirus
coxsackie A and B
Echovirus
Enterovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the rhinovirus of the Picronaviradea family?

A

rhinovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the heparnavirus of the picornaviradea family?

A

hepatitis A virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is this:

naked (N), small, icosahedral (ICO) capsid enclosing (+) ssRNA genome

A

Picornaviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

(blank) are resistant to ph 3-9, detergents, sewage treatment and heat.

A

Enteroviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

(blank) are labile at acidic pH; optimum growth is 33 degrees celcius

A

Rhinovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the genome of the picornaviradae and what does this mean?

A

it is mRNA (infectious without capsid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the picornaviradae repicate?

A

in the cytoplasm (most RNA viruses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

During replication, what does Picornaviradae create?

A

polyprotein produced from viral RNA genome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Viral encoded (blank) is essential for repliction of RNA viruses in the cytoplasm

A

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (needs/does not need) to be included in the virion for (+) sense RNA viruses?

A

Does not need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How is the picronaviridae enterovirus poliovirus transmitted?

A

by fecal-oral route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

T or F
Paralytic polio remains high in developing countries
Only 1% of infections are clinically apparent

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Where do you initially have replication of the polio virus?

A

oropharynx and small intestine (causes nausea and vomiting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How can the polio disease appear?

A

disease range from asymptomatic to paralytic poliomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is poliomyelitis

A

an acute viral infection of the meninges and the motor neurons of the spina cord and brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Can you find polio in the western hemisphere? Where can you find it?

A

no (due to salk and sabin vaccines)

Nigeria, Pakistan, Afghanistan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What signs can be used to diagnose poliomyelitis?

A

acute onset of flaccid paralysis, recovery of poliovirus from a stool sample or a swab of the pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A 10-year old boy in Nigeria is seen by a CDC physician with a chief complaint of increasing weakness in one leg. Ten days earlier, he had a minor illness consisting of nausea and vomiting that was followed by a sensation of numbness in his left leg.What does this poor child have?

A

poliomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Which is more severe, viral meningitis or bacterial meningitis?

A

bacterial meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What category of viruses is viral meningitis?

A

picornavirus-enterovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Most viral meningitis causes (blank) which is caused by enteroviruses

A

summer

37
Q

Who does viral meningitis occur in mostly?

A

children younger than age 5

38
Q

How can you get viral meningitis?

A

changing a diaper or using the toilet and not properly washing hands after

39
Q

(blank) infection is characterized by sudden onset of fever, headache, and stiff neck

A

meningitis

40
Q

What is often accompanied with fever, headache and stiff neck in meningitis?

A

sensitivity to light (photophobia)
altered mental state
vomiting
nausea

41
Q

The symptoms of viral meningitis usally last (blank) days and people with normal immune systems usually recover completely.

A

7 to 10 days

42
Q

If meningitis is suspected what should you take to diagnose it?

A

samples of blood or CSF for testing

43
Q

What family does coxsackie virus belong to?

A

picronaviridae enteroviruses

44
Q

How do you get coxsackie?

A

in young people, transmitted by fecal-oral and respiratory aerosols

45
Q

THere are 2 groups of coxsacki virus, what are they?

A

Group A = herpangina

Group B= Pleurodynia and myocarditis

46
Q

What is herpangina?

A

Hand, foot, and mouth disease

ulcers in oropharynx, fever, sore throat

47
Q

What is Pleurodynia?

A

fever and severe pleuritic-type chest pain

48
Q

What is myocarditis?

A

fever, chest pain, and signs of congestive heart failure

49
Q

Both A and B groups of the coxsackie virus can cause what 2 things?

A

aseptic meningitis and mild paralysis

50
Q

How do you diagnose Coxsackie virus?

A

PCR of enterviral RNA in spinal fluid… no treament :(

51
Q

What does the ECHO virus stand for and what virus family does it belong to?

A

ECHO-Enteric Cytopathic Human Orphan

Picornaviridae, enterovirus echovirus

52
Q

How can you get echovirus?

A

via fecal-oral route

transmitted in pool water

53
Q

Along with coxsackie virus, echoviruses are a leading cause of (blank)

A

aseptic (viral) meningitis

54
Q

What other things can ECHO virus cause other than aseptic meningitis?

A

upper respiratory tract infection, febrile illness, infantile diarrhea, and hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, and hand foot and mout disease

55
Q

How do you diagnose ECHO?

A

PCR (no antiviral therapy or vaccine available :( )

56
Q

What family does the rhinovirus belong in?

A

picornaviridae-rhinovirus

57
Q

What does rhinovirus mainly cause?

A

common cold

58
Q

How many types of the rhinovirus is there?

A

over 100 serological types

59
Q

How is the rhinovirus transmitted?

A

by aerosolized droplets or fomites

60
Q

What is the portal of entry for rhinovirus?

A

upper respiratory tract (infection is limited to that region)

61
Q

What degree does rhinovirus replicated best at?

A

33 degrees celcius. (infects nose rather than lower respiratory tract)

62
Q

For rhinovirus, after an incubation period of (blank) days, sneezing, nasal discharge, sore throat, cough, and headache are common (usually no fever, aches).

A

2 to 4 days

63
Q

An 18-year old college student is seen in the university health clinic with complaints of sneezing, nasal discharge, nasal congestion, headache, sore throat and cough for 3 days. Physical examination revealed an afebrile, normal-appearing male patient.

what is it?

A

picornaviridae-rhinovirus-rhinovirus

64
Q

A 14-year old girl is seen in a pediatric practice with sudden onset of fever (103oF), headache, stiff neck, and photophobia. She returned home the previous week from summer vacation at a recreational vehicle campsite that featured a campground pool.

What is it?

A

coxsackievirus and echovirus (non-polio enterovirus)

65
Q

What type of virus is hep A?

A

picornaviridae-heparnavirus-hep a

66
Q

What is another name for hep A?

A

entervirus 72 (only one serotype)

67
Q

How do you transmit hep A?

A

fecal-oral route (poor sanitation and poor hygiene)

infected from fecally contaminated water and food

68
Q

What are the symptoms of hep a?

A

fatigue, fever, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice.

69
Q

What are these signs of:

dark urine, pale feces, elevated transaminase levels (AST and ALT)

A

Hep A

70
Q

Is hep A super severe?

A

can be, it can present asymptomatically, mildly or severe debilitating disease

71
Q

When can IgG be detected when exposed to hep A?

A

1-3 weeks later and provides life long protection

72
Q

When will hep A resolve?

A

2-4 weeks; no chronic infection/hepatocellular carcinoma

73
Q

How can you diagnose Hep A?

A

IgM or 4-fold rise in IgG titer

74
Q

Is there a vaccine for Hep A?

A

yes! and recommended for those who travel

75
Q

A 25-year-old man is seen in an outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of fatigue, nausea, and vomiting for the past several days. He had noticed that morning that this urine was dark yellow. On physical examination, the patient has a low-grade fever and mild abdominal pain and is jaundiced. He denies intravenous drug use or multiple sexual partners. He attended a Burning Man 3 weeks earlier. He is a cook a the local university dining hall. What is this?

A

picornaviridae-heparnaviruse-Hep A

76
Q

What is the number one risk factor for Hep A in the US?

A

international travel

77
Q

Where is Hep A most prevalent?

A

Africa

India

78
Q

In the + RNA viruses, what is the other group of naked viruses other than picorna?

A

Calici

79
Q

What kind of virus is a norwalk virus?

A

caliciviradae-norovirus-norwalk virus

80
Q

What is the main pathogen in the calici viruses?

A

norwalk virus

81
Q

how is the norwalk virus transmitted?

A

fecal-oral route

82
Q

What is one of the most common causes of viral gastroenteritis in older children and adults?

A

gastroenteritis

83
Q

How do you get Norwalk virus commonly?

A

ingestion of contaminated seafood or water (cruise ships, pools)

84
Q

What cells does the norwalk virus attack?

A

mucosal cells of GI tract

85
Q

What is the norwalk disease characterized by?

A

sudden onest of vomiting, diarrhea (non-bloody), low-grade fever and abdominal cramping

86
Q

What is the incubation period of norwalk virus and is it preventable?

A

short-less than 24 hours

no vaccine or therapy

87
Q

How can you diagnose norwalk?

A

PCR on stool

88
Q

A 12-year old girl is seen by her pediatrician with symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, stomach cramps, chills, and fever. Symptoms began one day after attending a school dinner and pool partly at a local country club.

what is this?

A

Calici-norovirus-norwalk virus

Block 6 Week 4 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions