Surgical Syndromes Chapter2 P32-35 Flashcards
What is afferent loop syndrome?
P32
Obstruction of the afferent loop of a Billroth II gastrojejunostomy
What does ARDS stand for?
P32
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (poor oxygenation caused by leaky capillaries)
What is blind loop syndrome?
P33
Bacterial overgrowth of intestine caused by stasis
What is Boerhaave’s syndrome?
P33
Esophageal perforation
What is Budd-Chiari syndrome?
P33
Thrombosis of hepatic veins
What is carcinoid syndrome?
P33
Syndrome of “B FDR”:
- Bronchospasm
- Flushing
- Diarrhea
- Right-sided heart failure (caused by factors released by carcinoid tumor)
What is compartment syndrome?
P33
Compartmental hypertension caused by edema, resulting in muscle necrosis of the lower extremity, often seen in the
calf; patient may have a distal pulse
What is Cushing’s syndrome?
P33
Excessive cortisol production
What is dumping syndrome?
P33
Delivery of a large amount of hyperosmolar chyme into the small bowel, usually after vagotomy and a gastric drainage procedure (pyloroplasty/ gastrojejunostomy);
results in autonomic instability, abdominal pain, and diarrhea
What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome?
P33
Perihepatic gonorrhea infection
What is Gardner’s syndrome?
P33
GI polyps and associated findings ofSebaceous cysts, Osteomas, and Desmoid tumors (SOD); polyps have high malignancy potential (Think: A Gardner
plants SOD)
What is HITT syndrome?
P33
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis syndrome: Heparin-induced platelet antibodies cause platelets to
thrombose vessels, often resulting in loss of limb or life
What is Leriche’s syndrome?
P34
Claudication of buttocks and thighs, Impotence, Atrophy of legs (seen with iliac occlusive disease) (Think: CIA)
What is Mallory-Weiss syndrome?
P34
Post-emesis/-retching tears in the gastric mucosa
near gastroesophageal junction
What is Mendelson’s syndrome?
P34
Chemical pneumonitis after aspiration of gastric contents
What is Mirizzi’s syndrome?
P34
Extrinsic obstruction of the common hepatic bile duct from a gallstone in the gallbladder or cystic duct
What is Munchausen syndrome?
P34
Self-induced illness
What is Ogilvie’s syndrome?
P34
Massive nonobstructive colonic dilatation
What is Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
P34
Benign GI polyps and buccal pigmentation
Think: Peutz = Pigmentation
What is Plummer-Vinson syndrome?
P34
Syndrome of: 1. Esophageal web 2. Iron-deficiency anemia 3. Dysphagia 4. Spoon-shaped nails 5. Atrophic oral and tongue mucosa Typically occurs in elderly women; 10% develop squamous cell carcinoma
What is RED reaction syndrome?
P34
Syndrome of rapid vancomycin infusion, resulting in skin erythema
What is refeeding syndrome?
P34
Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypophosphatemia after refeeding a starved patient
What is Rendu-Osler-Weber (ROW) syndrome?
P34
Syndrome of GI tract telangiectasia/A-V malformations
What is short-gut syndrome?
P34
Malnutrition resulting from <200 cm of viable small bowel
What is SIADH?
P35
Syndrome of Inappropriate AntiDiuretic Hormone
Think: Inappropriately Increased ADH
What is another name for Sipple’s syndrome?
P35
MEN II
What is superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome?
P35
Obstruction of the SVC (e.g., by tumor, thrombosis)
What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
P35
Compression of the structures exiting from the thoracic outlet
What is Tietze’s syndrome?
P35
Costochondritis of rib cartilage;
aseptic (treat with NSAIDs)
What is toxic shock syndrome?
P35
Staphylococcus aureus toxin-induced syndrome marked by fever, hypotension, organ failure, and rash (desquamation—
especially palms and soles)
What is Trousseau’s syndrome?
P35
Syndrome of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) associated with carcinoma
What is another name for Wermer’s syndrome?
P35
MEN I
What is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?
P35
Gastrinoma and PUD
