Surgical Anatomy Pearls, Chapter17 P103-107 Flashcards
What is the drainage of the left testicular vein?
P103
Left renal vein
What is the drainage of the right testicular vein?
P103
IVC
What is Gerota’s fascia?
P103
Fascia surrounding the kidney
What are the prominent collateral circulations seen in portal hypertension?
P103
Esophageal varices, hemorrhoids (inferior hemorrhoidal vein to internal iliac vein), patent umbilical vein (caput medusa),
and retroperitoneal vein via lumbar tributaries
What parts of the GI tract are retroperitoneal?
P103
Most of the duodenum, the ascending colon, the descending colon, and the pancreas
What is the gubernaculum?
P103
Embryologic structure that adheres the testes to the scrotal sac; used to help manipulate the testes during indirect
hernia repair
Which artery bleeds in bleeding duodenal ulcers?
P104
Gastroduodenal artery
What is the name of the lymph nodes between the
pectoralis minor and major muscles?
P104
Rotter’s lymph nodes
Is the left vagus nerve anterior or posterior?
P104
Anterior; remember that the esophagus rotates during development
What is Morrison’s pouch?
P104
Hepatorenal recess; the most posterior cavity within the peritoneal cavity
Give the locations of thefollowing structures:
1. Foregut
P104
Mouth to ampulla of Vater
- Midgut
P104
Ampulla of Vater to distal third of transverse colon
- Hindgut
P104
Distal third of transverse colon to the anus
Where are the blood vessels on a rib?
P104
Vein, Artery, and Nerve (VAN) are underneath the rib (thus, place chest tubes and thoracentesis needles above the rib!)
What is the order of the femoral vessels?
P104
Femoral vein is medial to the femoral artery (Think: “NAVEL” for the order of the right femoral vessels—Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space, Lymphatics)
What is Hesselbach’s triangle?
P104
The area bordered by:
- Inguinal ligament
- Epigastric vessels
- Lateral border of the rectus sheath
What nerve is located on top of the spermatic cord?
P104
Ilioinguinal nerve
What is Calot’s triangle?
P104
The area bordered by: 1. Cystic duct 2. Common hepatic duct 3. Cystic artery (Pronounced “kal-ohs”)
What is Calot’s node?
P105
Lymph node found in Calot’s triangle
What separates the right and left lobes of the liver?
P105
Cantle’s line—a line drawn from the IVC to just left of the gallbladder fossa
What is the gastrinoma triangle?
P105
Triangle where 90% of gastrinomas are located, bordered by:
- Junction of the second and third portions of the duodenum
- Cystic duct
- Pancreatic neck
Which artery is responsible for anterior spinal syndrome?
P105
Artery of Adamkiewicz
Where is McBurney’s point?
P105
One third the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus (estimate of the position of the appendix)
How can you find the appendix after you find the cecum?
P105
Trace the taeniae back as they converge on the origin of the appendix
Where is the space of Retzius?
P105
Preperitoneal space anterior to the bladder
What are the white lines of Toldt?
P105
Lateral peritoneal reflections of the ascending and descending colon
What is the strongest layer of the small bowel?
P105
Submucosa (not the serosa, think:
SUbmucosa = SUperior)
Which parts of the GI tract do not have a serosa?
P105
- Esophagus
- Middle and distal rectum
What is the vein that overlies the pylorus?
P105
Vein of Mayo
What is the pouch of Douglas?
P105
Pouch between the rectum and bladder or uterus
What does the thoracic duct empty into?
P105
Left subclavian vein; left internal jugular vein junction
What is the coronary vein?
P106
Left gastric vein
What is the hypogastric artery?
P106
Internal iliac artery
Which is longer, the left or right renal vein?
P106
Left
What are the layers of the abdominal wall?
P106
- Skin, then fat
- Scarpa’s fascia, then more fat
- External oblique
- Internal oblique
- Transversus abdominis
- Transversalis fascia
- Preperitoneal fat
- Peritoneum
What are the plicae circulares?
P106
Plicae = folds, circulares = circular; thus, the circular folds of mucosa of the small bowel
What is another name for the plicae circulares?
P106
Valvulae conniventes
What are the major structural differences between the jejunum and ileum?
P106
- Jejunum—long vasa rectae; large plicae circulares; thicker wall
- Ileum—shorter vasa rectae; smaller plicae circulares; thinner wall (Think: Ileum = Inferior vasa rectae, Inferior
plicae circulares, and Inferior wall)
What are the major anatomic differences between the
colon and the small bowel?
P106
Colon has taeniae coli, haustra, and appendices epiploicae (fat appendages), whereas the small intestine is smooth
How far up does the diaphragm extend?
P106
To the nipples in men (fourth intercostal space; thus, the abdomen extends to the level of the nipples)
What dermatome is at the umbilicus?
P106
T10
What are the major layers of an artery?
P107 (picture)
(see picture)
