surgical microbiology Flashcards
what is the gram stain for staph aureus ?
Gram positive cocci
what is first line treatment for MRSA ?
Vancomycin
*second line is teicoplanin
give examples of macrolides and explain the mechanism of action
Clarithromycin and erythromycin
inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
what is the gram stain for H. pylori ?
Gram negative rod
what are the diagnostic methods of confirming H. Pylori ?
serology
biopsy during endoscopy
what is the most common organism seen in septic arthritis ?
Staph aureus
staph aureus is a common cause of osteomyelitis. in sickle cell patients what is the most common pathogen ?
Salmonella
what organism causes malignant otitis externa ?
psueodomonas
spot diagnosis
parasite that causes itchy bottom especially in young children. How is this parasite treated ?
Enterobiasis
Mebendazole
spot diagnosis
hookworm found in small bowel and can cause iron deficiency anaemia
Ancylostoma duodenale
all infections caused by variations of worms are treated with what ?
Mebendazole
*spot diagnosis
Protozoan infection that produces cysts which can be found in stool.
Cryptosporidium
* Symptoms consist of diarrhoea and cramping abdominal pains
what is the treatment for cryptosporidium
metronidazole
Giardiasis and cryptosporidium present almost identically. Abdo pain and loose stool caused by ingestion of protozoan cysts. Both treated with metronidazole.
How can you tell the difference ?
Giardiasis more likely to cause bloating compared to cryptosporidium
what is the most frequent cause of cholangitis ?
E Coli