Surgical Drainage Flashcards
drainage
evacuation of fluid and/or air from tissues and body cavities
therapeutic use
used to treat a wound - abscesses, bite wounds, penetrating foreign bodies, other contaminated/dirty wounds, peritonitis, SSIs
prophylactic use
used to prevent a wound from occurring - large skin reconstructions and flaps, surgeries into thoracic cavity, major reconstruction of urinary, biliary, or GI systems
what are drains made of
latex
rubber
red rubber
polyethylene
PVC
silicon rubber
open drain
external end of the drain is open to the environment
closed drain
external end of the drain opens into a closed off container
active drain
requires a vacuum to evacuate the material
passive drain
relies on gravity to evacuate the material
Penrose drain
open, passive, non-fenestrated drain made of latex
inexpensive, easy to place, fits in small pockets, etc
can cause ascending infection, cannot use in thoracic or abdominal cavities
indications for a Penrose drain
abscesses
wounds that don’t enter thoracic or abdominal cavities
minimize dead space after benign mass removal
placement considerations for Penrose drain
make a separate incision for the drain
place in a dependent position
pull drain from inside the incision to outside
secure with 1-2 simple interrupted or cruciate sutures
Jackson pratt (JP) drain
closed, active, fenestrated drain that exits into a compressed reservoir
suction can be continuous or intermittent
fluid drains via negative pressure
indications for a JP drain
wounds/abscesses
peritonitis
pneumothorax
areas where gravity drainage is difficult
large areas of dead space
major reconstructions
placement considerations for a JP drain
make a separate incision a few cm from the wound area
leave entire fenestrated portion of the drain in the wound
vacuum assisted drain system
foam covering placed over wound –> tubing inserted through foam pad into wound space –> attach tubing to a vacuum –> applies continuous suction
