Anesthesia & ECC Review Quiz

Question 1

what is the recommended ventilation rate during CPR in the dog

Answer 1

8-10 breaths/min

Question 2

what is the minimum gas flow rate for a 5 kg dog connected to a Bain circuit

Answer 2

1.0 L/min

non rebreathing fresh gas flow rate must be at least 200 mL/kg/min

Question 3

at what rate would you administer LRS during routine anesthesia in a healthy dog or cat

Answer 3

3-5 mL/kg/hr

Question 4

what is the recommended compression rate and duration of compressions per cycle during CPR in dogs

Answer 4

rate: 100-120 compressions/min

duration: 2 minutes compressions, 10 sec ECG reading

Question 5

what is the fluid deficit of a 30 kg dog estimated to be 8% dehydrated

Answer 5

30 x 0.08 = 2.4 L
replace with isotonic crystalloids

Question 6

when measuring blood pressure with a doppler and occluding cuff, a reading below what value is considered hypotensive?

Answer 6

systolic < 90 mmHg

Question 7

what is the MAC of isoflurane in a dog

Answer 7

1.3% atm

Question 8

what is the full shock dose of isotonic crystalloids in a dog

Answer 8

80-100 mL/kg in dogs
40-50 mL/kg in cats

Question 9

one hour after giving a 2 L bolus of isotonic crystalloids to a 30 kg dog, what volume of that fluid will be remaining in its IV space?

Answer 9

2 L bolus –> will distribute to ECF

ECF: 25% IV, 75% interstitial

25% of 2 L = 0.5 L remains intravascular

NONE distributes intracellular because fluids are isotonic

Question 10

if a dog is on a circle system with vaporizer set at 3%, O2 at 500 mL/min, how do you adjust O2 flow in order to increase anesthetic depth of the dog?

Answer 10

increase the O2 flow rate - will increase delivery of isoflurane to the patient

Question 11

for non-invasive BP measurement, the width of the cuff should be x% of the circumference of the limb

Answer 11

40%

if too big: will underestimate
if too small: will overestimate

Question 12

which 2 ECG rhythms are considered shockable during CPR

Answer 12

• ventricular fibrillation
• pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Question 13

what is a long acting, non-reversible sedative with variable efficacy

Answer 13

acepromazine

Question 14

what are 3 common and useful signs of anesthetic depth in dogs and cats

Answer 14

• eye position
• jaw tone
• palpebral reflex

Question 15

a non-invasive monitor that may be useful to detect signs of low PaO2 during post-anesthetic recovery is…?

Answer 15

pulse oximeter

NOT the most useful tool for anesthetic procedures because patient is breathing 100% O2

Question 16

which alpha-2 agonist is 10x more potent in cattle than horses

Answer 16

xylazine

Question 17

you just placed an ET tube and turned on isoflurane. the dog is blinking, vocalizing, has strong jaw tone, and ETCO2 = 0 mmHg. what is the problem?

Answer 17

misplaced ET tube - likely in esophagus

will NOT be able to vocalize if properly intubated

Question 18

which type of fluid, when administered IV, is anti-inflammatory and increases CO?

Answer 18

hypertonic saline (shock dose of 5 mL/kg)

Question 19

what is the equation for cardiac output

Answer 19

CO = HR x SV

Question 20

what is the acid-base diagnosis if pH = 7.40, pCO2 = 26 mmHg, and HCO3 = 15 mmol/L

Answer 20

pH = normal
pCO2 = respiratory alkalosis
HCO3 = metabolic acidosis

mixed primary metabolic acidosis and primary respiratory alkalosis

Question 21

what are the causes of an increased anion gap metabolic acidosis

Answer 21

• diabetic ketoacidosis
• uremic acids
• ethylene glycol toxicity
• lactic acidosis

additional:
- methanol/ethanol toxicity
- paraldehyde
- starvaction
- aspirin

Question 22

local anesthetic toxicosis is manifested by abormalities in which 2 major organ systems?

Answer 22

CNS + cardiovascular

CNS: seizures, tremors
CV: arrhythmias, negative inotropy, vasodilation