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PACES > Surgery: Superficial Lumps - Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck > Flashcards

Surgery: Superficial Lumps - Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What are the features of Follicular Adenoma?

A
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2
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the management of Follicular Adenoma?

A
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3
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck​

What are the features of Thyroid Cyst?

A
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4
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck​

What is the management of Thyroid Cyst?

A
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5
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck​

What are the types of Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Benign
    • Follicular Adenoma
    • Thyroid Cyst
  • Malignant
    • Papillary
    • Follicular
    • Medullary
    • Anaplastic
    • Lymphoma
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6
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the frequency of Papillary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • 80%
  • Assoc. c¯ irradiation
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7
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the typical age group of Papillary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • 20-40
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8
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the cell origin of Papillary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Follicular cells
  • Tg tumour marker
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9
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the spread of Papillary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Nodes and lung - JDG node = lateral aberrant thyroid
  • May be multifocal
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10
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the management of Papillary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Total thyroidectomy + T4 to suppress TSH ± node excision ± radioiodine
  • >95% 10ys
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11
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the frequency of Follicular Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • 10%
  • F>M = 3:1
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12
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the typical age group of Follicular Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • 40-60
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13
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the cell origin of Follicular Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Follicular cells
  • Tg tumour marker
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14
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the spread of Follicular Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Blood → bone and lungs
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15
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the management of Follicular Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Total thyroidectomy + T4 suppression + Radioiodine
  • >95% 10ys
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16
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the frequency of Medullary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • 5%
  • 30% are familial
    • e.g. MEN2
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17
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the typical age group of Medullary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • MEN2: young
  • Sporadic: 40-50
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18
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the cell origin of Medullary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Parafollicular C-cells
  • CEA and calcitonin markers
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19
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the management of Medullary Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Do phaeo screen pre-op Thyroidectomy + Node clearance
  • Consider radiotherapy
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20
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the frequency of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Rare
  • F>M = 3:1
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21
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the typical age group of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • >60
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22
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the cell origin of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Undifferentiated follicular cells
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23
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the spread of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Rapid growth
  • Aggressive: local, LN and blood.
24
Q

Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck

What is the management of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?

A
  • Usually palliative
  • May try thyroidectomy + radiotherapy
  • <1% 10ys
25
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What is the frequency of Lymphoma Thyroid Cancer?
* 5%
26
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What is the cell origin of Lymphoma Thyroid Cancer?
* Lymphocytes * MALToma in Hashi’s
27
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What is the management of Lymphoma Thyroid Cancer?
Chemoradiotherapy
28
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the main Thyroid Nodule Facts?
29
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What is the Thyroid Nodule Triple assessment?
30
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the features of Men-1?
31
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the features of Men-2?
32
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the early complications of Thyroid Surgery?
33
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the late complications of Thyroid Surgery?
34
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the practicalities of Thyroid Surgery?
35
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What is needed to prepare a Neck Examination?
36
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the neck inspection features in a Neck Examination?
37
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the mouth inspection features in a Neck Examination?
38
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the eye inspection features in a Neck Examination?
39
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the palpation findings in a Neck Examination?
40
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the percussion findings in a Neck Examination?
41
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the auscultation findings in a Neck Examination?
42
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What should be done if there are no obvious findings in a Neck Examination?
43
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What is needed to complete a Neck Examination?
44
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the main anatomical areas that differentiate a neck examination?
* Anywhere Midline * (Solid and Cystic) * Anterior triangle * (Solid and Cystic) * Posterior triangle * (Solid and Cystic)
45
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What Neck differentials can be anywhere and solid or cystic?
* Lipomas and Sebaceous Cysts
46
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What Neck differentials are Midline and Solid?
* Ectopic thyroid tissue * Thyroid isthmus mass Inclusion dermoid
47
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What Neck differentials are Midline and Cystic?
* Thyroglossal Cyst
48
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What Neck differentials are Anterior Triangle and Solid?
* LNs * Chemodectoma * Goitre * Parotid tumour
49
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What Neck differentials are Anterior Triangle and Cystic?
* Branchial Cyst * Laryngocele
50
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What Neck differentials are Posterior Triangle and Solid?
* LNs * Cervical Rib * Pancoast tumour
51
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What Neck differentials are Posterior Triangle and Cystic?
* Cystic Hygroma * Pharyngeal Pouch
52
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the investigations needed in a Neck Examination?
53
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the key Onset questions in a Neck Lump History?
54
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the key Continued Symptom questions in a Neck Lump History?
55
**_Solitary Thyroid Nodules, The Neck_** What are the key Treatment and Cause questions in a Neck Lump History?

PACES (103 decks)

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