Surgery-nervous system

Question 1

• Ipsilateral hemiparesis
• Loss of parasympathetic innervation causes mydriasis, loss of motor innervation cases ptosis and down-and-out gaze of ipsilateral pupil due to unopposed trochlear and abducent
• contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
• ALOC, coma

Answer 1

Transtentorial (Uncal) herniation

Question 2

nerve that innervates muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh and therefore responsible for knee extension and hip flexion, provides sensation to the anterior thigh and medial leg via the saphenous branch

Answer 2

femoral nerve

Question 3

enlargement of the central canal of the spinal cord due to CSF retention, resulting in impaired strength and pain/temp resonation of upper extremities is

Answer 3

Syringomyelia- from whiplash injury it takes years to develop

Question 4

extra-axial well-circumscribed or round homogeneously enhancing dural-based mass on MRI of the brain

Answer 4

Meningioma

Question 5

a blow to an externally rotated and abducted arm causes? most common injured nerve? causing ?

Answer 5

• Anterior dislocation of the humeral head
• Axillary nerve
• weakness shoulder abduction from deltoid muscles and teres minor

Question 6

A peripheral neuropathy characterized by asymmetrical focal weakness, numbness, and paresthesias due to involvement of multiple adjacent nerve roots

Answer 6

Lumbar plexopathy