Surgery

Question 1

What is CEA?

Answer 1

Carcinoembryonic antigen - a set of highly related glycoproteins involved in cell adhesion.

Question 2

When is CEA produced?

Answer 2

Normally produced by the GI tract tissue during fetal developement but production stops beofre birth therefore healthy adults levels are v low.

Question 3

Causes of increased CEA?

Answer 3

Some types of cancer therefore used as a tumour marker.

Gastric, pancreatic, lung, breast, medullary thyroid carcinoma

UC, pancreatitis, cirrhosis, COPD, Crohn’s, hypothyroidism, SMOKERS

Question 4

What cancers is Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) associated with?

Answer 4

Liver (hepatoma)

Question 5

What cancers is Carcino-embryonic anitgen (CEA) associated with?

Answer 5

GI tumours, pancreatic, lung and breast tumours

Question 6

What cancers is Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) associated with?

Answer 6

Ovarian Carcinoma

Question 7

What cancers is Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) associated with?

Answer 7

Breast

Question 8

What cancers is prostate spectific antigen (PSA) associated with?

Answer 8

Prostate

Question 9

Which tumour markers would you look for in lung cancer?

Answer 9

CA125 and CEA

Question 10

Liver cancer?

Answer 10

AFP

Question 11

Breast cancer?

Answer 11

CA125, CEA and HER2

Question 12

Stomach/colon cancer?

Answer 12

CEA

Question 13

Pancreatic cancer

Answer 13

CA125, CEA

Question 14

Ovarian cancer?

Answer 14

CA125, CEA

Question 15

Prostate Cancer?

Answer 15

PSA

Question 16

Testicular Cancer?

Answer 16

AFP, HCG

Question 17

Calcinotin - tumour marker in which cancer?

Answer 17

Medullary thyroid cancer, MEN syndrome

Question 18

HCG - tumour marker in ..?

Answer 18

Testicular