Surgery

Question 1

Breaking bad news framework

Answer 1

SPIKES

Question 2

S
P
I
K
E
S

Answer 2

Set up - arrange for privacy
Perception - gauge patient’s understanding
Invitation - clarify what a patient wants to hear
Knowledge - “I’m afraid, have some bad news for you…”
Emotion - identify + empathise with their emotions
Strategy/summary - have a plan to reduce anxiety of uncertainty