Surgery

Question 1

-desis

Answer 1

surgical binding

Question 2

-ectomy

Answer 2

removal

Question 3

-oscopy

Answer 3

uses a camera for viewing

Question 4

-ostomy

Answer 4

surgical creation of opening an organ

Question 5

-otomy

Answer 5

cutting or making an incision

Question 6

-centesis

Answer 6

surgical puncture often with drainage

Question 7

-pexy

Answer 7

to attach

Question 8

-plasty

Answer 8

formation/ moulding/ plastic surgery

Question 9

-rrhapy

Answer 9

suturing/ stitch

Question 10

angio-

Answer 10

blood vessels

Question 11

arthro-

Answer 11

joint

Question 12

cardio-

Answer 12

heart

Question 13

cholecysto-

Answer 13

gall bladder

Question 14

colo-

Answer 14

colon/ bowel

Question 15

cysto-

Answer 15

bladder

Question 16

gastro-

Answer 16

stomach

Question 17

hepato-

Answer 17

liver

Question 18

hystero-

Answer 18

womb

Question 19

laparo-

Answer 19

abdomen

Question 20

mammo-

Answer 20

mammary glands, breast

Question 21

nephron-

Answer 21

kidney

Question 22

oophoro-

Answer 22

ear

Question 23

orchid-

Answer 23

testicles

Question 24

rhino-

Answer 24

nose

Question 25

thoraco-

Answer 25

thorax

Question 26

Lanz (transverse) and Gridiron (oblique) Incisions

Answer 26

access the appendix
appendicetomy
made at Mcburney’s point, 2/3rd from umbilicus to ASIS
pass through all abdominal muscles, fascia, peritoneum, abdominal cavity
Lanz is more aesthetic due to following Langer’s lines

Question 27

Langers Lines

Answer 27

skin tension lines
show the orientation of the underlying collagen fibres
incisions should follow these for max wound strength and minimal scarring

Question 28

Midline Incision

Answer 28

used for lots of abdominal surgeries
allows access to the abdominal viscera
can be anywhere between the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis, going around the belly button
goes through skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, linea alba, peritoneum
causes minimal blood loss and nerve damage
gives rise to scarring

Question 29

Paramedian Incision

Answer 29

rare in the uk
used to access lateral viscera, kidneys, spleen, adrenal gland
2-5cm lateral to midline
cuts through skin, subcutaneous tissue, anterior rectus sheath which is separated
prevents division of rectus muscle
can damage muscles lateral blood and nerve supply = atrophy

Question 30

Kocher Incision

Answer 30

subcostal incision
access gall bladder and biliary tree
runs parallel to costal margin, starts below xiphoid and goes lateral
goes through rectus muscle, obliques, fascia, peritoneum

Question 31

Chevron/ Rooftop Incision

Answer 31

extension of the kocher incision to the other side of the abdomen
used for oesophagectomy, gastrectomy, adrenalectomy, liver transplant

Question 32

Mercedes Benz Incision

Answer 32

chevron incision with a vertical incision which breaks through the xiphisternum
clinically in the liver transplant but the same surgeries as chevron

Question 33

Laparoscopic

Answer 33

different holes are used for different incisions but most use the belly button as one