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Functional Anatomy practical exam Flashcards

1
Q

tensor fascia latae

A

anterior iliac crest
iliotibial band
hip abduction, flexion, medial rotation, knee extension

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2
Q

tensor fascia latae palpation

A

lie in supine
knee bent medially rotated
Flex hip
pt push leg down feel between greater trochanter and iliac crest

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3
Q

sartorius

A

ASIS
pes anserinus
hip flexion, knee flexion, knee lateral rotation

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4
Q

sartorius palpation

A 
in supine
flex hip and knee
laterally rotate knee
pt push down on inside of knee 
palpate near knee
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5
Q

gluteus maximus

A

posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx
gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial band
hip extension, lateral rotation

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6
Q

glut max palpation

A

lie on front
bend knee
extend hip
pt push down on leg

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7
Q

gluteus medius

A

lateral ilium
greater trochanter
hip abduction
rotation

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8
Q

glut med palpation

A 
side lying
bottom knee bent 
lift leg up and externally rotate
pt push down on leg 
palpate above greater trochanter
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9
Q

adductor longus

A

pubis
linea aspera
hip adduction

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10
Q

adductor longus palpation

A

lit on back, other leg off bed on chair
try and bring leg across
pt pull leg outwards
palpate down medial side of leg

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11
Q

gracilis

A

pubis
pes anserinus
hip flexion, hip adduction, knee flexion, knee medial rotation

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12
Q

gracilis palpation

A

lie on back, bend knee, (resist adduction)

palpate near knee

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13
Q

rectus femoris

A

AIIS
superior boarder of patella
hip flexion
knee extension

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14
Q

rec fem palpation

A

on back
lift leg with straight knee
pt push down on lower leg
palpate down front of thigh

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15
Q

vastus medialis

A

medial side of linea aspera
quadriceps tendon and medial patella
knee extension

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16
Q

vastus medialis palpation

A

lie on back
laterally rotate knee
pt push down
palpate medially of patella

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17
Q

vastus lateralis

A

lateral to linea aspera
lateral boarder of patella and rec fem tendon
knee extension

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18
Q

vastus lateralis palpation

A

lie on back
extend knee
pt push down on lower leg
palpate lateral and superior to patella

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19
Q

semitendinosus

A

ischial tuberosity
pes anserinus
hip extension, knee flexion, knee medial rotation

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20
Q

semitendinosus palpation

A

lie on front
bend knee up
pt push down on leg
palpate medial tendon

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21
Q

biceps femoris

A

ischial tuberosity and linea aspera
head of fibula
hip extension, knee flexion, knee lateral rotation

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22
Q

biceps femoris palpation

A

lie on front
bend knee up
pt push down on leg
palpate lateral tendon

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23
Q

gastrocnemius

A

medial head from media condyle on the femur lateral head from lateral condyle
achilles tendon
knee flexion, plantar flexion

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24
Q

gastrocnemius palpation

A

lie on front, bend knee up slightly and point toes

see both heads near knee lie

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25
tibialis anterior
lateral tibial condyle base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform dorsiflexion, inversion
26
tibialis anterior palpation
flex foot, invert foot | see most medial tendon sticking out
27
extensor digitorum longus
lateral tibial condyle distal & middle phalanx of toes 2-5 dorsiflexion extends toes 2-5
28
extensor digitorum longus palpation
dorsiflex foot extend toes 2-5 pt resist toe extension palpate most lateral tendon
29
extensor hallucis longus
medial surface of fibula distal phalanx of big toe dorsiflexion, toe extenion
30
extensor hallucis longus palpation
dorsiflex extend big toe pt resist big toe extension palpate middle tendon
31
peroneus longus
head of fibula base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform plantar flexion, eversion
32
peroneus longus palpation
evert foot, pt pull foot back inwards | palpate muscle belly near top of fibula
33
peroneus brevis
lateral surface of fibula tuberosity of 5th metatarsal plantar flexion, eversion
34
peroneus brevis palpation
evert foot plantar flex pt pull foot back inwards palpate muscle belly at bottom of fibula
35
soleus
head and posterior fibula achilles tendon and calcaneous plantar flexion
36
soleus palpation
lie on front plantar flex pt push down on sole of foot palpate below gastrocnemius
37
tibialis posterior
posterior surface of tibia and fibula navicular tuberosity and cuneiforms plantar flexion inversion
38
tibialis posterior palpation
invert foot and slightly plantar flex push down of sole of foot palpate tendon behind medial malleolus posteriorly middle belly
39
flexor digitorum longus
posterior surface of tibia base of distal phalanx of toes 2-5 plantar flexion, toe flexion
40
flexor digitorum longus palpation
lie on front resist flexion of toes can palpate tendons on base of the foot or muscle belly on distal medial leg, most medial belly
41
flexor hallucis longus
distal 2/3rd of posterior tibia base of distal phalanx of big toe plantar flexion, big toe flexion
42
flexor hallucis longus palpation
lie on front resist big toe flexion deep muscle belly, can feel tendon on sole of foot most lateral belly
43
upper trapezius + palpation
occipital protuberance, spinous processes C7 clavicle and acromion process elevation, lateral rotation, neck extension, neck lateral flexion in sitting, extend neck or elevate scapula, feel muscle at top
44
middle trapezius + palpation
spinous processes C7-T4 acromion medial half of scapula spine retraction in sitting, retract scapula and abduct arm, pt push down arm
45
lower trap + palpation
spinous processes T5-T12 medial half of scapula spine depression, abduction, lateral rotation in sitting, abduct arm, pt push down
46
levator scapulae
transverse processes of c1&c2 and posterior tubercles of transverse processes of c3&c4 superior angle of scapula and above scapula spine elevation, cervical lateral flexion, neck extension
47
levator scapulae palpation
in sitting put hand behind back elevate scapula and palpate posterior neck triangle lateral and anterior to trapezius
48
serratus anterior
external surfaces of ribs 1-9 medial boarder of scapula protraction, scapula lateral rotation
49
serratus anterior palpation
lie on back arm directly in the air resist reaching upwards palpate rib cage below axilla
50
anterior deltoid + palpation
lateral 1/3 of clavicle deltoid tuberosity shoulder flexion, medial rotation, transverse adduction try lift arm up infront pt push down
51
middle deltoid + palpation
acromion deltoid tuberosity abduction try lift arm up to the side pt push down
52
posterior deltoid + palpation
scapula spine deltoid tuberosity extension, lateral rotation try bring arm down, pt push up
53
pec major
manubrium, superior 6 costal cartilages, medial half of clavicle greater tubercle crest depression, flexion, adduction, transverse adduction, medial rotation
54
pec maj palpation
lie on back Clavicular head - resist reaching arm to opposite ear Sternal - resist reaching arm to opposite pocket
55
supraspinatus
supraspinous fossa greater tuberosity shoulder abduction
56
supraspinatus palpation
in sitting get patient to abduct pt push down on arm palpate superior to scapula spine in supraspinous fossa
57
infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa greater tuberosity lateral rotation
58
infraspinatus palpation
lying on front on elbows laterally rotate arm out palpate just below scapula spine put hand under scapula spine and finger tips would be on tendon
59
subscapularis
subscapula fossa lesser tuberosity medial rotation
60
subscapularis palpation
in sitting stand behind externally rotate arm feel across tendon fires medially to humerus and below clavicle in the space at front of shoulder
61
teres minor
lateral scapula boarder greater tubercle transverse abduction, lateral rotation
62
teres minor palpation
on front on elbows laterally rotate arm out palpate just below scapula spine and below infraspinatus
63
teres major
inferior angle of scapula lesser tubercle shoulder adduction, medial rotation
64
teres major palpation
just above fibres of lat dorsi | in sitting medially rotate arm and adduct arm, pt push upwards palpate back of axilla
65
latissimus dorsi
spinous processes T7-L5, ribs 9-12 iliac crest intertubucular sulcus of humerus / bicipital groove extension, adduction, medial rotation
66
lat dorsi palpation
in sitting, extend arm backwards, pt push against, feel back of axilla or lying on back, arm up in the air, extend arm, pt push arm up and feel posterior axilla
67
biceps brachii
supraglenoid tubercle, coracoid process radial tuberosity shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, supination
68
biceps brachii palpation
flex elbow in supinated position | pt pull downwards
69
brachialis
distal half of humerus coronoid process of ulna elbow flexion
70
brachialis palpation
flex elbow in pronated position pt pull arm downwards palpate under biceps
71
brachioradialis
supracondylar ridge of humerus distal part of radius elbow flexion supination/ pronation to neutral
72
brachioradialis palpation
flex arm in a neutral positon | pt pull downwards palpate just below elbow joint
73
triceps brachii
infraglenoid tubercle, posterior surface of humerus, under lateral head olecranon shoulder extension (long head) elbow extension
74
triceps brachii palpation
try and extend arm pt pushes upwards on arm palpate back of arm
75
pronator teres
supracondylar ridge, coronoid process middle 1/3rd of radius pronation
76
pronator teres palpation
sit with forearm flexed in neutral, resist pronation, pt push arm outwards palpate medially to brachioradialis
77
supinator
lateral epicondyle, supinator fossa proximal 1/3rd of radius apart from medial aspect supination
78
supinator palpation
forearm flexed in neutral resist supination pt push arm inwards palpate laterally to brachioradialis, down the arm deep
79
flexor carpi radialis
medial epicondyle base of metacarpal 2 wrist flexion, radial deviation
80
flexor carpi radialis palpation
fully supinated wrist pt push down on hand flex wrist tendon closest to thumb
81
palmaris longus
medial epicondyle palmar fascia weak wrist flexor
82
palmaris longus palpation
fully supinated flex wrist pt push down on hand tendon in the middle
83
flexor carpi ulnaris
medial epicondyle, olecranon pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal flexes wrist, ulna deviation
84
flexor carpi ulnaris palpation
fully supinated flex wrist, ulnar deviate pt push down on hand, tendon on edge of rist above ulna
85
flexor digitorum superficialis
Medial epicondyle middle phalanx of fingers flexes fingers not last joint
86
flexor digitorum superficialis palpation
fully supinated arm flex fingers at mcp joint palpate proximal medial forearm on ulnar side distal and anterior
87
flexor digitorum profundus
coronoid process and ulna distal phalanx of fingers flexes fingers
88
flexor digitorum profundus palpation
fully supinated flex fingers at IP joint palpate proximal medial forearm near medial epicondyle distal and posterior
89
flexor pollicis longus
anterior radius distal phalanx of thumb flexes thumb
90
flexor pollicis longus palpation
fully supinated arm flex thumb at last joint feel tendon in joint crack or palpate body near wrist on radial side
91
extensor carpi ulnaris
lateral epicondyle base of 5th metacarpal extends wrist ulnar deviation
92
extensor carpi ulnaris palpation
flex arm ulnar deviation and extend wrist palpate body near elbow joint near olecranon
93
extensor digiti minimi
lateral epicondyle 5th dorsal digital expansion extends 5th finger
94
extensor digiti minimi palpation
arm flexed fully pronated extend finger palpate body on posterior proximal forearm near elbow joint, more laterally than digitorum
95
extensor digitorum
lateral epicondyle distal and middle phalanx of fingers via digital dorsal expansion extends fingers
96
extensor digitorum palpation
``` arm flexed fully pronated extend fingers palpate body on posterior proximal forearm near elbow joint can see tendons on back of hand ```
97
extensor carpi radialis brevis
lateral epicondyle base of metacarpal 3 extends wrist, ulnar deviation
98
extensor carpi radialis brevis palpation
arm flex in neutral radially deviate palpate posterior to supinator
99
extensor carpi radialis longus
lateral supracondylar ridge base of metacarpal 2 extends wrist, radial deviation
100
extensor carpi radialis longus palpation
arm flexed in neutral radially deviate, extend wrist palpate posterior to brachioradialis / supinator
101
extensor indicis
posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna dorsal digital expansion of 1st finger extends 1st finger
102
extensor indicis palpation
extend index finger | feel tendon on back of finger, more central tendon
103
extensor pollicis longus
posterior surface of middle 1/3rd of ulna base of distal phalanx of thumb extends thumb
104
extensor pollicis longus palpation
extend thumb find anatomical snuffbox tendon closest to fingers is pollicis longus
105
extensor pollicis brevis
posterior surface of distal half of radius base of proximal phalanx of thumb extends thumb
106
extensor pollicis brevis palpation
extend thumb find anatomical snuffbox tendon closest to pollicis longus on medial boarder is brevis
107
abductor pollicis longus
middle 1/3rd of radius and posterior of ulna base of metacarpal 1 abducts thumb extends thumb
108
abductor pollicis longus palpation
extend thumb find anatomical snuffbox outer most tendon on medial boarder is abductor (next to brevis)
109
sternocleidomastoid
mastoid, posterior mastoid sternum, clavicle flexes neck, lateral flexion of neck to same side, rotates neck to opposite side
110
sternocleidomastoid palpation
flex neck can feel it working in sitting or lying in lying, rotate neck to other side, palpate superior to SCV joint
111
longus colli
anterior aspects of vertebral bodies of c5-t3, vertebral bodies of t1-t3 anterior aspects of vertebral bodies of c2-c4, anterior tubercles of transverse processes of c5-c6 C3-t3 c1-c6 maintain cervical stability and lordosis
112
longus colli palpation
flex neck drop off medially from medial boarder of sternocleidomastoid onto anterior neck down middle pipe
113
erector spinae
group of muscles down middle of the back either side of spine maintain posture, trunk and neck extensors, trunk lateral flexion
114
erector spinae palpation
lie in prone extend trunk and neck feel muscles laterally either side of spine
115
rectus abdominis
pubic crest xiphoid process and ribs 5-7 main trunk flexor
116
rectus abdominis palpation
legs bent lying down crunch up towards legs
117
internal obliques
thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest ribs 10-12, pubis flexes laterally, flexion, rotation to same side
118
internal obliques palpation
legs up reach to same side lower part of muscles between ribs and iliac crest
119
external obliques
``` external surfaces of ribs 5-12 ASIS, iliac crest, pubic crest rotates body to opposite side flexion lateral flexion ```
120
external oblique palpation
legs up reach to opposite side upper part of muscles between ribs and iliac crest
121
quadratus lumborum
posterior half of iliac crest inferior boarder of 12th rib, transverse processes of 1-4 lumbar vertebrae pelvic stability ipsilateral flexion
122
quadratus lumborum palpation
lie in prone, elevate pelvis, hitch up pelvis to one side | palpate medially toward 12th rib and near iliac crest

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