Functional Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior

A

at the front/ facing forward

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2
Q

Posterior

A

at the back/ facing backwards

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3
Q

Medial

A

closer to the body’s midline

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4
Q

Lateral

A

further from the body’s midline

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5
Q

Deep

A

on/ nearer the inside

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6
Q

Superficial

A

on/ nearer the surface

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7
Q

Superior

A

located at the top/ facing the top

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8
Q

Inferior

A

located at the bottom/ facing the bottom

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9
Q

Proximal

A

closer to the torso/ other major point

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10
Q

Distal

A

further from the torso/ other major point

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11
Q

Unilateral

A

one side

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12
Q

Bilateral

A

both sides

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13
Q

Ipsilateral

A

same side

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14
Q

Contralateral

A

opposite side

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15
Q

Anatomical Position

A
facing forwards
legs together
toes pointing forward
arms hang by side
face and palms facing forwards
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16
Q

Two types of joint classification

A
function and movement
structure and movement
17
Q

Function and Movement Classification

A

synarthroses
amphiarthroses
diarthroses

18
Q

Synarthroses

A

immovable joint
united articulation
e.g. sutures

19
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable joint
surrounded articulation
e.g. intervertebral discs surrounded by 2 vertebrae

20
Q

Diarthroses

A

freely movable joint
between articulation
e.g. knee - femur and tibia

21
Q

Structure and Movement Classification

A

fibrous joint
cartilaginous joint
synovial joint

22
Q

Fibrous Joint

A

dense, connective tissue provide a joint

e.g. sutures, syndesmosis (between radius/ulna, tibia/fibula - connects 2 together)

23
Q

Cartilaginous Joint

A

fibro or hyaline cartilage

e.g. synchondroses (epiphyseal growth plate)

24
Q

Synovial Joint

A

freely moveable

e.g. knee

25
Types of Synovial Joint
``` hinge gliding pivot saddle condyloid/ ellipsoid ball & socket ```
26
Hinge Joint
uniaxial one plane movement allows flexion and extension e.g. elbow
27
Gliding Joint
uniaxial allows flexion and extension e.g. intercarpals - 1st row glides over second row
28
Pivot Joint
uniaxial through spinning action allows for supination and pronation e.g. radioulnar joint
29
Saddle Joint
biaxial concave on convex e.g. thumb - carpometacarpal
30
Condyloid/ Ellipsoid Joint
biaxial oval convex on oval concave e.g. radiocarpal joint
31
Ball and Socket Joint
multiaxial all plane movement - flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, lateral and medial rotation e.g. shoulder, glenohumeral joint (hip)