Surgery Flashcards
When to do crichothyroidotomy _______. When to do flex bronch_____
airway bleeding, facial trauma
cervical injury
BP = CO * ____
TPR = MAP- MVP
Mechanisms to reduce ICP
1) ____ventilation
2) Mannitol
3) ______
4) Hypertonic saline
hyper
head elevation
Chronic CN3 palsy may be a sign of ______
PCA aneurysm
Chronic post prandial pain out of proportion, nausea, weight loss in elderly _____ or _______
1) Chronic mesenteric ischemia
2) Median arcuate ligament syndrome (celiac compression)
______ can occur after intra-abdominal infection ,cholangitis, pancreatitis, causing fever/transaminitis. Most accurate and best initial test_____
Pyogenic liver abscess
Abd US
Culprit Organisms
1) HCC: Staph Aureus
2) Colorectal cancer: Kleb Pneumoniae
3) Neutropenia: Candida
Most accurate test for cholecystitis, highest sensitivity ________
HIDA scan, most often done is = Abd US
Post cholecystectomy, fevers, abdominal pain
Bile leak, Intra-abdominal infection
_____ characterized by episodic RUQ pain at irregular intervals. Most accurate test for this is ________
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, SOD manometry
Indication for immediate surgery: pain + evidence of cholestasis (dilated ducts, labs)
Best initial test for fecal incontinence _____. Most accurate test _____
Flex Sig
Mannometry
When to use botox/sphincterotomy for anal fissure _______
8 weeks of unresolved, debilitating disease
______ is the treatment for malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene (succinylcholine, halothane)
Post Operative Fever
Immediate : malignant hyperthermia (succinylcholine, halothane), bacteremia
Day 1 : Atelectasis
Day 2 : UTI
Day 5 : DVT/PE
Day 7 : Wound infection
Most accurate test for cholecystitis/Bile Leak _____
HIDA
Best initial test for fecal incontinence _____, most accurate _____
Flex sigmoidoscopy
Endorectal manometry
Anal Atresia management, if no fistula____
immediate surgery
Omphalocele management for large defects____
Silo, manually reduce, NPO, operate at appropriate time
Double bubble sign with billous vomiting____, _____
duodenal atresia, annular pancreas
progressive jaundice for 6-8 weeks, blockage of a duct_____. Best initial test ____
biliary atresia, RUQ US
Treatment of intusseption_____
barium/air enema
Arm rotated in, deltoid numbness can be a sign of
anterior shoulder dislocation
Common cause of thoracic outlet syndrome______, the ____ form of it does not require intervention
Initial Dx: Doppler US vs MR Angio
congenital cervical rib, neurogenic
T/F/: testcular torsion needs both testis to receive orchypexy?
True
In children
- Early UTI______
- Early incontinence_____
Vesiculo ureteral reflux
Posterior ureteral valves
Teenager with colicky pain, beer drinker_____
UPJ obstruction
For young age hydrocele, you are allowed to wait _____ months before considering surgery
12
When to do surgery for cryptochordism_____
4 months - 2 years old
Treatment for stress incontinence_____
pelvic floor exercise, biofeedback
Metronidazole mechanism of action
Bacterial dna synthesis
Drugs that increase risk of pancreatitis_____
Thiazide, metronidazole, Lasix, tetracycline
If anal fissure is refractory to treatment after 8 weeks____
lateral sphincerotomy
Albumin _____ ,PT>___ precludes surgery
3, 2, 16
EF
35, 8
Most common cause of post-operative confusion______
hypoxia
mechanistic cause of esophageal atresia_____
ventrally displaced notochord, failure of apoptosis in developing foregut
An internally rotated leg is a sign of ________, orthopedic emergency
Posterior hip dislocation, hip fracture usually , hip fracture = externally rotated leg (like anterior shoulder dislocation)
An internally rotated leg is a sign of ________, orthopedic emergency
Posterior hip dislocation, hip fracture usually , hip fracture = externally rotated leg (like anterior shoulder dislocation)
____ fracture is notorious for being negative on xray
Tibial
Diagnosis for testicular torsion______
Doppler ultrasound of the tested, for orchitis there will actually be increased flow because of the inflammation
most common reason for newborn to not urinate_____. Premature UTI
Congenital hematuria = ____
posterior urethral valve , vesicoureteral reflux,
Dx: Voiding Cystogram
congenital anamoly
Young girls who void normally, but constantly wet_________
Low implantation of Ureter
Hydrocele increases risk of ______
Inguinal Hernia
Stress incontinence in men that does not respond to Kegel/Biofeedback________
Duloxetine
Stress incontinence in men that does not respond to Kegel/Biofeedback________
Duloxetine
For AAA repair
1) Size>5.5cm, rate 1cm/year
OR
2) ________
Symptomatic: epigastric pain
