Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surg Tech 101 > Surg 101--Chapter 17 (B&K) > Flashcards

Surg 101--Chapter 17 (B&K) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Degree of microbial load on an item before sterilization.

A

bioburden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Microbial load attached to a surface in a fluid environment.

A

biofilm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Process by which chemical or physical agents are used to clean inanimate, concritical surfaces; a specific contact time is not specified.

A

decontamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Water that has been processed through synthetic cation-anion resins to remove the positively or negatively charged ions.

A

deionized water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chemical or physical process of destroying most forms of pathogenic microorganisms excepts bacterial endospores; used on inanimate objects but not on tissue.

A

disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The degree of _____ depends primarily on the strength of the agent, the nature of the contamination, and the purpose for the process.

A

disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Process that destroys all microorganisms except high numbers of bacterial endospores.

A

high-level disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Process that inactivates vegetative bacteria, including M. tuberculosis, and most fungi and viruses but does not kill bacterial endospores.

A

intermediate-level disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Process that kills most bacteria, some viruses, and some fungi but does not destroy resistant microorganisms, such as M. tuberculosis or bacterial endospores.

A

low-level disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The process of evaporating water and creating condensation from the steam that is collected for future uses.

A

distilled water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Protective capsule that forms inside specific bacterial species encircles and protects the genetic matter to resist destructive forces, such as disinfection or sterilization.

A

endospore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Heating process kills many pathogenic microorganisms that are found in biosubstances such as milk or wine.

A

pateurization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The decontamination process renders soiled instruments safe for _____, but not safe for _____.

A

handling

patient use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A sterile processing certification program accredited by the National Commission for Certifying Agencies (NCCA).

A

Certification Board of Sterile Processing and Distribution (CBSPD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CBSPD offers five levels of certification:

A
  1. technician
  2. supervisor
  3. manager
  4. surgical instrument processor
  5. ambulatory surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can be applied to the instruments to prevent debris from drying during transport to the central service area.

A

enzymatic foam or solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False: All instruments on the table during a surgical procedure require decontamination before processing to the required level of safety for patient use.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Decontamination combines _____ or _____ and a physical or chemical microbial process.

A

mechanical or manual cleaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Done in the processing department to render the instrumentation safe for handling by CS personnel.

A

prerinsing, washing, rinsing, and disinfection/sterilizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Should be worn at all times while using chemical disinfectant agents.

A

PPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the purpose of prerinsing or presoaking?

A

To prevent blood and debris from drying on instruments or to soften and remove dried blood and debris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_____ or _____ instruments with enzymatic solution in the OR can make further processing more efficient.

A

Prerinsing or presoaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the purpose of manual cleaning?

A

To remove residual blood and debris before terminal sterilization or high-level disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Personnel in the processing area wear PPE such as:

A
  • caps
  • gloves
  • waterproof aprons
  • face shields
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

When cleaning instruments manually, fill the washing sink with clean, _____ to which a concorrosive, _____, low-sudsing, free-rinsing detergent has been added.

A

warm water

neutral pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

An alkaline detergent (pH more than _____) can stain instruments.

A

8.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

An acidic detergent (pH less than _____) can corrode or pit instruments.

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What type of detergents are preferred when manually cleaning instruments?

A

liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

When manually cleaning instruments by hand, rinse them thoroughly in _____water at the temperature recommended by the manufacturer.

A

distilled or deionized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Some enzymes can be inactivated by extreme temeratures, the water should not exceed _____ to prevent burns of the skin.

A

140 F (60 C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A washer sterilizer requires instruments to be prewashed by hand in germicidal solution at _____ before being placed in the machine.

A

110 F (43.3 C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The temperature of the washer-sterilizer ranges from _____ and would cause coagulation and crusting or protein.

A

250 - 280 F (121 - 138 C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A cycle in a washer-sterilizer makes the instruments _____ with the bare hands, but does not render the instrument safe for immediate _____.

A

safe to handle

patient use or sterile storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

A washer-decontaminator does not reach the same temperature as a washer-sterilizer. It cleans at a maximum temperature of _____, rendering the instrument safe to handle without gloves at the end of the cycle.

A

140 - 180 F (60 - 82 C)

35
Q

Using high-frequency sound waves, ultrasonic energy thoroughly cleans by a process of _____.

A

cavitation

36
Q

For ultrasonic cleaning the temperature of the water should be between _____ to enhance the effectiveness of the detergent.

A

100 - 140 F (37.7 - 60 C)

37
Q

True or False: An ultrasonic cleaner is not a sterilizer like the washer-sterilizer.

A

True

38
Q

In an ultrasonic cleaner, rinse instruments thoroughly in _____ after the cleaning cycle to remove any surface debris and detergent residue.

A

hot deionized water

39
Q

For lubrication, instruments are immersed in an _____ that is steam penetrable.

A

antimicrobial water-soluble lubricant

40
Q

What are not used to lubricate instruments because they leave a residue that interferes with steam or ethylene oxide sterilization.

A

mineral oil, silicone, and machine oils

41
Q

To use most lubricants, instruments are completely immersed for _____.

A

30 - 45 seconds

42
Q

With normal use, good-quality surgical instruments have an expected life of at least _____.

A

10 years

43
Q

What are the most common causes of instrument breakage.

A

misuse and abuse

44
Q

Disinfection differs from sterilization by its lack of _____.

A

sporicidal power

45
Q

Disinfection can be accomplished with _____.

A

chemical and physical agents

46
Q

A reconstituted chemical container should be labeled with the _____ and _____.

A

date of mixing and date of expiration

47
Q

Spaulding system developed when?

A

1968

48
Q

Must be sterile because they enter sterile tissue, break the mucosal barrier, or come into contact with the vascular system.

A

critical items

49
Q

Is sterilization required for critical items?

A

yes

50
Q

High-level chemical disinfection should not be confused with _____.

A

chemical sterilization

51
Q

Come into contact with intact skin and mucous membranes and require high-level disinfection, although that also may be sterilized.

A

semicritical items

52
Q

Used in contact only with intact skin. Intermediate or low-level disinfection is adequate.

A

noncritical items

53
Q

The process of destroying or inhibiting growth of pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects.

A

disinfection

54
Q

Disinfection reduces the risk of microbial contamination but does not provide the same level of assurance as _____ because all endospores are not killed.

A

sterilization

55
Q

Disinfection levels are classified by the _____.

A

effectiveness of the process

56
Q

Disinfection level that kills all bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

A

high-level disinfection

57
Q

Disinfection level that may kill endospores if contact time is sufficient and other conditions are met.

A

high-level disinfection

58
Q

Disinfection level that should be used is a semicritical item is disinfected rather than sterilized for use in contact with nonintact skin or mucous membranes.

A

high-level disinfection

59
Q

Exposure of a clean item to 2% glutaraldehyde for _____ at _____ produces high-level disinfection.

A

20 minutes at 68 F (20 C)

60
Q

Disinfection level that kills most bacteria, viruses, and fungi on noncritical items.

A

intermediate-level disinfection

61
Q

Disinfection level that does not attack endospores but inactivates M. tuberculosis.

A

intermediate-level disinfection

62
Q

Disinfection level that kills most vegetative bacteria, fungi, and the least resistant viruses on noncritical items, including HIV.

A

low-level disinfection

63
Q

A record of the agent, concentration, and time of exposure should be maintained for _____ that have undergone high-level disinfection.

A

semicritical items

64
Q

The level of disinfection that can be achieved depends on:

A
  • the type and concentration of the agent
  • contact time
  • bioburden
65
Q

Chemical agents for disinfection are registered with the _____.

A

Pesticide Regulation Division of the EPA

66
Q

Water are some chemicals that are considered hazardous?

A
  • isopropyl alcohol
  • sodium hypochlorite
  • formaldehyde
  • glutaraldehyde
  • phenol
67
Q

To be labeled for hospital use, a chemical disinfectant should be proved effective against:

A
  • Staphylococcus aureus (g-pos)
  • Salmonella choleraesuis (g-neg)
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa (g-neg)
68
Q

The EPA defines a _____ as an agent that kills growing or vegetative forms of bacteria.

A

disinfectant

69
Q

Sterile and high-level disinfected items will require the use of _____ as a rinse.

A

sterile water

70
Q

Semicritical and noncritical items can be rinsed with _____.

A

tap water

71
Q

Isopropyl alcohol

A
  • intermediate level of disinfection
  • virucidal (but not enterovisuses)
  • Fungicidal
  • Tuberculocidal
72
Q

Cidex activated alkaline 2.4% dialdehyde

A
  • Sterile and high-level of disinfection
  • 10 hours at 25 C (sterile)
  • 45 minutes at 25 C (high level)
  • Virucidal
  • Fingicidal
  • Sporicidal
  • Tuberculocidal
  • 30-day use period
73
Q

Cidex OPA-(0.55%) orthophthalaldehyde:

A
  • high level of disinfection
  • 12 minutes at 20 C
  • Virucidal
  • Fingicidal
  • Tuberculocidal
74
Q

Cidex OPA-(5.75%) orthophthalaldehyde concentrate:

A
  • high level of disinfection

- 5 minutes at 50 C

75
Q

Chlorine and chlorine compounds:

A
  • Low to high based on concentration
  • 10-30 minutes
  • Virucidal
  • Fingicidal
  • Tuberculocidal
76
Q

Ethyl or isopropyl alcohol, _____ to _____, kills microorganisms by coagulation of cell proteins.

A

70% to 95%

77
Q

Alcohol can disinfect _____ instruments.

A

semicritical

78
Q

When using alcohol, to prevent corrosion of metal, 0.2% _____ is added.

A

sodium nitrate

79
Q

Alcohol loses its microbial activity below a concentration of _____.

A

50%

80
Q

Chlorine compounds kill microorganisms by the _____.

A

oxidation of enzymes

81
Q

Sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) 1:10 dilution of 5.25%, is a _____ disinfectant.

A

low-level

82
Q

Formaldehyde kills microorganisms by _____ of protein in cells.

A

coagulation

83
Q

The solution may be _____ formaldehyde in water or _____ formaldehyde in 70% isopropyl alcohol..

A

37%

8%

Surg Tech 101 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions