Surg 101--Chap 5 (Fuller) Flashcards
A facility must provide a _____ for patients, staff members, and visitors.
safe environment
Facility must enable the work of health care personnel in a way that encourages _____, _____, and _____.
efficiency of time, movement (work), and space
All facility designs must meet certain objectives:
- Infection control
- Environmental safety
- Efficient use of personnel, time, space, and resources
Infection control is a _____ process.
multidisciplinary
Physical design of the operating room is one focal area of _____.
infection control
Infection control is based on two principles:
- Physical separation between the surgical environment and any source of contamination
- Containment of sources of infection
_____ and _____ are physically separated when possible.
Clean and contaminated areas
Walls and corridors create _____.
separation
The surgical department is separated from hospital corridors and units by doors that _____.
remain closed at all times
When complete physical separation is impossible, contaminated objects are _____.
contained
Containment is _____.
confinement in a prescribed area or by a barrier
Surgical suite is contained by keeping the doors closed and maintaining a _____ than outside.
higher air pressure inside the suite
_____ materials are used for floors
Nonporous
National medical engineering standards for _____, _____, _____, and _____ are followed in the surgical suite.
electrical circuits, in-line gases, lighting, and other utilities
Strict safety standards ensure that patients and staff members are protected from extreme hazards and accidents such as _____, _____, and _____.
fire, explosion, and electrocution
Efficiency is _____.
a. The economic use of time and energy to save unnecessary work, material resources, and time
Efficient use of _____ influences the use of time and contributes to the safety of personnel.
space
Intelligent design can _____.
reduce stress
Time-saving practices are implemented to _____ and _____.
increase the number of patients served and make the best use of people’s skills and abilities
_____ and _____ protects the sterility of the items and enables staff members to find what they need quickly and retrieve it safely.
Proper storage of sterile supplies and efficient use of space
Primary design goal of the floor plan is to _____.
create a clear separation between soiled and clean equipment
Movement of people and equipment within and into the perioperative area is _____.
restricted
Traffic into the operating room is controlled by _____ and _____.
the specific location and lockout system of the entry doors
Traffic patterns are designed to _____.
reduce the spread of disease by isolating the source
a. A monitored area where people entering the department may be directed to change into surgical attire.
unrestricted area
Personnel dressed in street clothes and portable equipment that has not been disinfected are confined to the _____.
unrestricted area
Family waiting areas and outer reception areas are _____.
unrestricted areas
Only personnel wearing surgical attire (a scrub suit and a hair cap) are allowed into the _____.
semirestricted area
The corridors between surgical rooms, the instrument and supply processing area, storage areas, and utility rooms are _____.
semirestricted areas
Requires the highest level of precautions against contamination.
sterile or restricted area
Only personnel in scrub attire (complete head, nose, and mouth covering) are permitted.
sterile or restricted area
Includes the surgical suites, procedure rooms, sterile corridor or Substerile rooms, and sterile supply rooms.
c. Includes the surgical suites, procedure rooms, sterile corridor or Substerile rooms, and sterile supply rooms
The locker room/lounge areas is a _____ for those who need to change from street clothes to surgical attire.
transitional area
Often presents a problem for infection control because personnel in street clothes may have easy access, and traffic control is limited or absent.
locker room/lounge areas
_____ and _____ must be limited to the lounge are and never taken into restricted areas.
Food and drink
Basic components needed during surgery include:
operating table instrument table ring stands for solutions computer stations digital imaging equipment electrosurgical unit
All rooms contain an _____ and _____.
anesthesia machine and physiological monitoring equipment
Sterile supplies are stored in _____ or _____ just outside the surgical suite.
recessed cabinets or in substerile rooms
Suction and in-line gas and compressed air hoses are suspended from ceiling fixtures for _____ and _____.
safety and efficiency
The _____ is adjustable for height, degree of tilt in all directions, orientation in the room, articular breaks, and length.
operating table
The _____ is a large, stainless steel table on which all instruments and supplies are placed.
back table
All equipment is arranged on the back table in an orderly manner after _____ and _____.
gowning and gloving
Other small tables are used for _____, _____, and _____.
skin prep kits, power equipment, and extra sterile supplies
The _____ is a smaller table with one open end that can be raised or lowered.
Mayo stand
The Mayo stand is covered with a sterile drape and used for the _____.
placement of instruments and supplies that are immediately required during surgery
The Mayo stand is placed _____.
over or alongside the patient for quick access to instruments
The _____ is a stainless steel or plastic bucket on castors or wheels.
kick bucket
The kick bucket is not a _____.
trash receptacle
The kick bucket is designed for _____.
soiled surgical sponges and other lightweight, non-sharp items that must be discarded during surgery and accounted for
The _____ is used to contain one or two stainless steel basins.
ring stand
_____ or _____ is poured into the basin for use during surgery.
Sterile water or saline
Airflow from unrestricted to restricted areas can increase the risk of _____.
infection
Air pressure in the surgical suite is maintained at a level _____ higher than air pressure in adjacent semirestricted areas.
10%
The doors must remain _____ to maintain this positive pressure differential.
closed
Positive pressure forces air from the OR into the hallways, preventing the _____ from entering the OR.
potentially contaminated hallway air
Standard air exchange is a _____ and a _____ filtered air exchanges per hour.
minimum of 15 and a maximum of 20
High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are installed in the OR ventilation system and remove particulate equal to or larger than _____
0.3 micrometers
High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters must be changed regularly to _____.
maintain efficiency
_____ moves a contained volume of air in layers at a continuous velocity
Laminar airflow (LAF) system
HEPA filtered exchanges range from _____ exchanges per hour
400 to 600
_____ is controlled to reduce the risk of infection and to minimize static electricity
humidity
TJC requires OR to be maintained at _____ relative humidity
50% to 55%
OR temperature is maintained at ______.
68 to 73 degrees F (20 -23 degrees C)
_____, _____, and _____ build interdepartmental relationships and help reduce stress and improve patient care.
Patience, respect, and professionalism
Departments are distinguished by _____ (what they do) or by _____ (the sector in which they are managed).
function administration
Masks are required to supplement OR attire where ______.
open sterile supplies and scrubbed personnel are located
Street clothes are permitted in _____.
unrestricted areas
American Institute of Architects (AIA) 2010 Guidelines state that a minimum of _____, whichever is greater, should be dedicated to equipment storage.
150 ft(squared) or 50 ft(squared)
Classes or OR’s with minimal floor space are:
Class B: 250 ft(squared) with 15 ft minimum clear dimensions at the head sides, and foot of the OR bed
Class C: 400 ft(squared) with 18 ft minimum clear dimensions at the head sides, and foot of the OR bed
Class A OR’s are commonly used for _____ performed with topical, local, or limited regional blocks.
smaller procedure
Class B rooms are better suited for procedures in which the patient may be _____.
sedated and physiologically supported with IV medication
Class C OR’s provide adequate space for typical _____.
multipurpose procedure rooms
