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Anatomy 3001 > Surface Anatomy of the Neck > Flashcards

Surface Anatomy of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What does the carotid sheath carry in it?

A
  • Common Carotid artery
  • Internal jugular vein
  • Vagus nerve
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2
Q

What is contained in the pretracheal fascia?

A
  • Trachea
  • Esophagus
  • Thyroid gland
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3
Q

Name the columns of the neck?

A
  • Visceral column
  • 2 Vascular columns
  • Neuromusculoskeletal column
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4
Q

What do potential spaces allow for?

A

Movement

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5
Q

What are the fascial layers called?

A
  • Investing (superficial) fascia (deep cervical)
  • Pretracheal fasia
  • Prevertebral fascia
  • Carotid sheath (2)
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6
Q

What is the buccopharangeal fascia?

A

The posterior aspect of the visceral pretracheal fascia

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7
Q

What is the trapezius muscle contained within?

A

The investing (superficial) fascia but not the prevertebral fascia

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8
Q

What is the retropharangeal space?

A

Potential space that is filled with loose connective tissue between the superior part and most inferiorly.

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9
Q

What is the function of the alar fascia?

A

Splits the retropharaneal space

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10
Q

What potential space can spread infection into the mediastinum?

A

Retropharangeal space

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11
Q

What are the borders of the posterior triangle?

A
  • Anterior - posterior border of the SCM
  • Posterior - anterior border of the trapezius muscle
  • Inferior - middle 1/3 of the clavicle
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12
Q

What are the borders of the anterior triangle?

A
  • Superiorly - inferior border of the mandible
  • Laterally - anterior border of SCM
  • Medially - sagittal line down the midline of the neck
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13
Q

What is the laryngeal prominance colloquially known as?

A

The Adam’s apple

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14
Q

What is the function of the styloid process?

A

Serves as an anchor point for several muscles of the toungue and larynx

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15
Q

Where is the retropharnageal space?

A
  • Base of the skull down to the diaphragm

- Between the buccopharangeal space anteriorly and alar fascia posteriorly

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16
Q

What is the brachiocephalic trunk anteriorly covered by?

A

Right sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles

17
Q

Name the arteries which come off of the subclavian?

A
  • Vertebral artery
  • Thyrocervical trunk
  • Internal thoracic artery
  • Costocervical trunk
  • Dorsal scapular artery
  • Becomes axillary artery
18
Q

How can the subclavian artery be divided?

A

Into 3 parts based on either being before, behind or after the anterior scalene muscle

19
Q

Where dies the common carotid artery bifurcate?

A

The superior border of the thyroid cartilage

20
Q

What does the carotid sinus detect?

A

Changes in arterial blood pressure

21
Q

What does the carotid body detect?

A

Monitors partial pressure of CO2

22
Q

What nerves innervate the carotid body

A
  • Mainly glossopharyngeal (becomes carotid sinus nerve)

- Vagus nerve

23
Q

What does the intracranial artery supply?

A

Intracranial structures

24
Q

What are all the branches of the external carotid artery?

A
  • Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students
  • Superior thyroid artery
  • Ascending pharyngeal artery
  • Lingual artery
  • Fascial artery
  • Occipital artery
  • Posterior auricular artery
  • Maxillary artery
  • Superficial temporal artery
25
Q

What does the sigmoid sinus pass through to become the internal jugular vein?

A

The jugular foramen

26
Q

What is the cranium drained by?

A

The dural venous sinuses

  • superior sagittal sinus
  • inferior sagittal sinus
  • sinus rectus
27
Q

Where does the internal jugular vein lie in realtion to the common carotid artery?

A

Initially lies posterior to the internal carotid artery, moves laterally then anterior.

28
Q

What can central venous access cause when there are complications?

A
  • Pneumothorax
  • Puncture of subclavian artery
  • Nerve injury
  • Air embolism
29
Q

What can central venous access used for clinically?

A
  • Measurement of central venous pressure

- Administration of fluids, medications

30
Q

What vessel is most commonly used in central venous catheterisation

A
  • Internal jugular vein

- Sometimes subclavian

31
Q

What is the external jugular vein formed by?

A
  • Posterior division of the retromandibular vein

- Posterior auricular vein

32
Q

Where does the external jugular vein run from?

A

Descends from the angle of the mandible to the middle of the clavicle

33
Q

What does the external jugular vein drain?

A

Most of the scalp and side of the face

34
Q

What does the anterior jugular vein drain into?

A

External jugular or subclavian

35
Q

Where is the anterior jugular vein located?

A

Inferior to the hyoid bone

36
Q

What do anterior jugular veins of both sides join to create?

A

The jugular venous arch

37
Q

What is erb’s plexus?

A

Where 4 cutaneous branches become superficial in the neck:

  • Lesser occipital
  • Great auricular
  • Transverse cervical
  • Supraclavicular

Anatomy 3001 (14 decks)

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