Suprarenal glands (above the kidneys)

Question 1

During embryonic development, there are 2 different structures. Name them and their differences

Answer 1

1. Suprarenal cortex: larger, produces steroid hormones
   2 Suprarenal medulla: smaller, produces 3 catecholamines( norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine)

Question 2

List the 3 zones in the Suprarenal cortex and the hormones they secrete (GFR)

Answer 2

1. Zona glomerulosa: outer, secrete mineral corticosteroids
2. Zona fasciculata: middle, wide, secrete glucocorticoids
3. Zona reticularis- inner, branching cords, secrete weak androgens

Question 3

What is an example of a mineral corticosteroids and what does it do?

Answer 3

Aldosterone- regulates homeostasis of sodium(Na) and potassium (K)
-adjusts blood pressure and volume
-excretion of H+ in urine

Question 4

What does the renin-aldosterone(RAA) do?

Answer 4

Controls secretion of aldosterone

Question 5

What does renin convert angiotensin into?

Answer 5

Angiotensin 1

Question 6

What does the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) convert angiotensin 1 into?

Answer 6

Angiotensin 2

Question 7

What do the glucocorticoids do?

Answer 7

Regulate metabolism and decrease stress

Question 8

Name the 3 hormones in glucocorticoids

Answer 8

1. Cortisol (most abundant)
2. Corticosterone
3. Cortisone

Question 9

Name the effects if glucocorticoids

Answer 9

1. Protein breakdown
2. Glucose formation
   3.lipolysis
   4.resistance to stress
   5.anti-inflammatory effects
3. Depression of immune response

Question 10

Name an example of a negative feedback

Answer 10

Control of glucocorticoid secretion

Question 11

What is the major androgen secreted by the Suprarenal gland?

Answer 11

DHEA

Question 12

What effect does DHEA have on males and female

Answer 12

Males- no effect, testosterone is greater
Females- increases libido and convert to estrogens

Question 13

Suprarenal medulla is a modified

Answer 13

Sympathetic ganglion of ANS

Question 14

The hormone producing cells in the Suprarenal medulla is called?

Answer 14

Chromaffin cells

Question 15

2 major hormones made by the Suprarenal medulla and secreted by the chromaffin cells are called

Answer 15

Epinephrine and norepinephrine (fight or flight hormones)