A&P part 5 Flashcards
Lipid-soluble hormones bind to
Receptors within target cells
Water-soluble hormones bind to receptors
on the exterior surface of the target cell
How a target cell responds to a hormone is based on
- hormones concentration in blood
- number of receptors on the target cells
- influences exerted by other hormones
- some hormones work more effectively when a second hormone is present to assist them (synergistic effect)
-some hormone oppose the action of others (antagonistic effect)
Synergistic effect
Some hormones work more effectively when a second hormones is present to assist them
Antagonistic effect
When some hormones oppose the action of others
Examples of synergistic
Epinephrine &Norepinephrine
Hormones act in concert
Examples of antagonistic
Insulin & glucagon
Insulin decreases blood glucose levels
Glucagon increases it
Hormones are secreted in short bursts. Secretion is regulated by:
- signals from nervous system
- chemical changes in blood
- other hormones
Most hormone regulation is achieved via
Negative feedback.
Reversal process
Only a few hormones operate via
Positive feedback
The hypothalamus & Pituitary gland work together to
Control other endocrine glands
How much weight does the anterior lobe make up & how many hormones does it secrete?
- 75% of Pituitary gland
- 7 hormones
What is the posterior gland made up of and how many hormones does it store and release
- neural tissue
- 2 hormones by the hypothalamus
The hypothalamus secretes ____and _____ hormones that control the release of hormones by the Pituitary gland
- releasing
-inhibiting
Anterior Pituitary secretes
-GH
-TSH
-FSH
-LH
-PRL
-ACTH
-MSH
Growth hormone
- promotes growth of body tissue
Thyroid-stimulsting hormone (TSH)
- stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by thyroid gland
Follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH)
In females, initiates development of oocytes and induces ovarian secretion of estrogens
In males- stimulates testis to produce sperm
Lueinizing hormone(LH)
Females- stimulates secretion of estrogen and progesterone, ovulation, and formation of corpus luteum
Males- stimulates testes to produce testosterone
Prolactin
Promotes milk production
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Glucocorticoids(mainly cortisol)
Melanocyte stimulating hormone(MSH)
Exact role is unknown but may influence brain activity. When present in excess, can cause darkening of skin
