Supervision of Pol-Ch 3, Leadership,Supervision and Command Presence

Question 1

Leadership may be defined as

Answer 1

art of influencing, directing, guiding and controlling others in such a way as to obtain their willing obedience, confidence, respect, and loyal cooperation in the accomplishment of an objective.

Question 2

leadership is the human factor that

Answer 2

binds a group together and motivates it toward goals

Question 3

Park and Kleemeier make the distinction when they state

Answer 3

when men obey another because of fear, they are yielding. When men follow, they do so willingly-becuase they want to do what a leader wishes. Herein, lies the distinction between being an authority and being a leader.

Question 4

distinction between being an authority and being a leader is, Leaders ____,____ and ___ the group to follow willingly, even eagerly

Answer 4

stimulates, motivates and inspires

Question 5

authority ___ and __ his men to yield and obey becuase they fear the consequences of disobedience

Answer 5

pushes and drives

Question 6

Becoming skillful in applying sound leadership techniques requires

Answer 6

diligence

Question 7

Ideal for the organization- is the leader recognized as such formally and granted leadership authority not only by his organization but by his subordinantes

Answer 7

The true leader

The grant of authority by the latter is the only real source of authority

Question 8

____ of ____ authority does not ipso facto make a person a leader. Leadership status must be earned

Answer 8

Granting of formal

Question 9

Outstanding training is offered by numerous programs to help supervisors develop leadership skills:

Answer 9

Southern police leadership Institute
west point command and leadership program
FBI National Academy

Question 10

What leader is highly authoritative

Answer 10

Autocratic

Question 11

What type of leader is most likely to succeed when bold, rapid aciton is indicated

Answer 11

autocratic-provided he has capacity to make sound, workable decisions

Question 12

This supervisor who seeks ideas and suggestions from his subordinates and allowing them to participate in decision making that affects them, by and large secures best results as a leader

Answer 12

supervisor who leads democratically

Question 13

purely democratic leadership will work poorly in

Answer 13

emergent or unusual situations

Question 14

I emergent or unusual situations, in such situations, the stronger leaders make it understood that participative management means

Answer 14

“I manage and you participate”

Question 15

leader keenly aware of human factor in managing others, as an employee-oriented leader, he secures better performance from his subordinates, motivates them better and enables them to derive greater satisfaction from their efforts. Most probably, he not only will be a ____leader but will be ___ by his group.

Answer 15

popular and respected

Question 16

This leaders seldom gives his subordinates the attention or help they need, when the leader

Answer 16

plays down his role as such and exercises mininum control… Free Rein or Laizzez-fiare ldeader

Question 17

free rein or Laissez-Faire leader

Answer 17

does not work well. More concerned about being liked by his subordinates than being respected by them, invariably produces a climate of permissiveness.

Question 18

feelings of insecurity develop among workers because they are left without positive direction and guidance they look for and expect from leader.

Answer 18

Free Rein and Laissez-Faire Leader

As result- morale, discipline, efficiency and production begin to deteriote and leader loses control

Question 19

One supervisor can be highly effective in each situation as long as he can adapt his style to needs of that situation.

Answer 19

Situational leadership

Question 20

Hersey and Blanchard developed situational leadership to help supervisors understand how to diagnose situations and then apply the correct management style for maximum results. The leaders style is a combination of ___and ___

Answer 20

task behavior

relationship behavior

Question 21

Style the leaders uses in a situation is dependent on the workers ___, which is a combination of ___ and ___

Answer 21

readiness

ability and willingness

Question 22

Readiness style’s

When workers are both unable to do the job and unwilling to try, leaders uses ____

Answer 22

Readiness style 1.- this Leadership style 1 (telling), High in task behavior but low in relationship behavior

Question 23

When workers are unable to do the job but are willing or confident, the leader uses ____

Answer 23

Readiness style 2 - this Leadership style 2 (selling), high in task behavior and high in relationship behavior

Question 24

When workers are very capable but are unwilling or insecure, the leader uses ____

Answer 24

Readiness style 3 - this Leadership style 3 (particpating), low in task behavior, high in relationship behavior

Question 25

When workers are very capable and very willings, the leader uses ___

Answer 25

Readiness style 4 - this Leadership style 4, (delegating), low in task behavior and low in relationship behavior.

Question 26

Detective squad is typically closer to what readiness sytle

Answer 26

readiness style 4

Question 27

Situational leadership is based on an interplay among ________.

Answer 27

1. amount of guidance and direction (task behavior) a leader gives 2. amount of socio-emotional support (relationship behavior) leader provides 3. readiness (maturity) level that followers exhibit in performing a specific task, function or objective

Question 28

Situational leadership was developed to help___

Answer 28

leaders be more effective in their dealings with subordinates

Question 29

Selection of leadership style is determination is based on his own ___, ___ of his subordinates and his ___ and theirs, yet he must avoid becoming bogged down in supervisory style.

Answer 29

personality, personalities and goals

Question 30

What is the key to skillful leadership?

Answer 30

selection of the right approach for right situation

Question 31

Command presence. It is the natural manner of an individual indicating a complete command of his ___ and ___ faculties and ___

Answer 31

mental, physical and emotions

Question 32

In command presence, it encompasses the qualities of ___, ___ and ___

Answer 32

dignity, self-assurance and poise

Question 33

Who summarized this condition by stating: The supervisor absorbs heat from above instead of passing his own irritations on to his subordinates. He maintains a deportment of calmness and evidences a high degree of emotional security, even under provocation

Answer 33

Pfiffner and Fels

Question 34

Elements of Leadership

Answer 34

1. Discipline 2. Ethics- 3. Common Sense 4. Psychology

Question 35

A _____ in it broadest sense in an organization is perhaps the best mark of good leadership

Answer 35

high level of discipline

Question 36

Ordinarily, if high discipline is present, a high level of ____ __ ___ and ___ will result together with increased efficiency

Answer 36

espirit de corps and morale

Question 37

Position of true leadership places on the leader a ___ obligation to adhere strictly to high standards of ___ and ___ he expects of his subordnates

Answer 37

moral | honor and integrity

Question 38

Supervisor's conduct is appraised in three frames of reference:

Answer 38

1. what is actually is 2. what he thinks it is 3. what it appears to be to others

Question 39

_____ ____ is one of the most valued characteristics of a leader and is the hallmark of true leadership

Answer 39

Common Sense

Question 40

The maintenance of a high level of discipline and morale requires some practical knowlefge of the _____ ____ that affect human behavior

Answer 40

psychological factors

Question 41

To gain willing support and cooperation of subordinates, the supervisor must learn those principles and techniques of leading them by _____ and _____ rather than by driving them by arbitrary methods

Answer 41

sound logic and clear thinking

Question 42

Supervisor will find that best results will be obtained if he uses his authority ____ and ____displays it.

Answer 42

sparingly and rarely

Question 43

Supervisor must develop at least a ____ understanding of the things that motivate them

Answer 43

rudimentary

Question 44

______ involves the application of incentives, which encourages a certain positive pattern of behavior and attitude and contributes to the accomplishment of org object.

Answer 44

Motivation

Question 45

Unless employees ___ with these ___ and ___ they are attainable, he will not be able to commit himself to them. He wont be motivated

Answer 45

agrees, objectives and believes

Question 46

By avoiding ____ and ___ supervisory practices, he can gain their confidence and respect, which are vital in the process of motivation

Answer 46

inconsistent and arbitrary

Question 47

this type of motivators as fear, coercion, intimidation and punishment

Answer 47

Negative motivators

Question 48

Negative motivators should be avoided except when more ____, ____ have been tried and have failed

Answer 48

constructive, positive means

Question 49

Supervisor should constantly evaluate his leadership qualities in an _____ so that he might gain some insight into his ___ and ___

Answer 49

objective manner | strengths and weaknesses

Question 50

The biggest problem in supervisor self appraisal is

Answer 50

honestly admitting to himself that his techniques might be wrong from time to time

Question 51

_____ ____ will quickly be recognized and may become the source of resentment and dissatisfaction

Answer 51

Mechanistic supervision

Question 52

Leadership Characteristics- Every leader should possess the following traits

Answer 52

1. Friendliness, sincerity, affection for others and personal warmth 2. enthusiasm for job and all it entails 3. ambition 4. physical and nervous energy and vitality 5. moral and physical integrity 6. intelligence 7. technical skill 8. faith 9. verbal aptitude 10. courtesy 11. modesty

Question 53

___ and ____ are essential to effective leadership

Answer 53

Diligence and industry

Question 54

____is a composite of all his personal characteristics

Answer 54

personality of an individual

Question 55

The keynote to supervisory success is ___

Answer 55

capability of the supervisor to adapt others methods to his own particular style

Question 56

With regard to the human relations movement, Megginson aptly observed that it has brought about "an overconcern with the ____ and ___ doctrine and the ___ ___.

Answer 56

sweetness and light | happiness cult

Question 57

Megginson asserts that when supervisor interprets the human relations doctrine as meaning that he has not right to be critical and dissatisfied with inferior performance, he deprives his subordinates of

Answer 57

a standard of determining the level of performance that can be reasonably expected of them. Just having a happy emloyee is not enough

Question 58

Just having a happy employee is not enough- they need _____and _____ and _____if they are to be satified and productive

Answer 58

reasonable goals and sense of achievement and personal development

Question 59

the objective of good human relations should be the ____ production in the ___ possible time with the ___ energy and the ___ satisfaction for the producers

Answer 59

greatest, shortest, minimum and maximum

Question 60

Supervisor will find that a calm, controlled manner will be hellpful to him in maintaining the ____ and ___ of his subordinates

Answer 60

confidence and respect

Question 61

Indicators that supervisor lacks self-control desirable in a leader is

Answer 61

frequent irritation, petulance and emotional displays-especially of temper and anger

Question 62

the ___, ___ and ___ attributes of supervisor have a powerful effect on his relations with subordinates

Answer 62

physical, moral and mental

Question 63

Who said " We need to develop a new set of social skills that will combine the new permissive and democratic approach with the continueing need to exercise authority, positive and forceful authority when called for.

Answer 63

Pfiffner and Fels

Question 64

The is a force the supervisor should utilize to substantially increase his effectiveness

Answer 64

Desire of individuals for recognition

Question 65

Who used the approach with great success that honest, sincere praise wins friends and influences people but that insincere flattery will backfire and make enemies

Answer 65

Dale Carnegie

Question 66

The One Minute Manager by management experts Ken Blanchard and Spencer Johnson recommends using the one-minute praising tech.

Answer 66

empty

Question 67

Blanchard and Johnson suggest one-minute reprimanding and one-minute goalsetting tech similiar to those listed.

Answer 67

"feedback is the breakfast of champions"

Question 68

Critism and Reprimands by the leader

Answer 68

average supervisor all to often does not face up to his responsibilities of giving criticism when due. Often afraid of repercussions from the social group if he does.

Question 69

Knowledge of subordinates

Answer 69

supervisor should learn as much as possible about his subordinates, individually and collectively. he gains more info thru inspection of personal records, observations, personal contacts

Question 70

Supervision of Marginal Employee

Answer 70

employee who does just that amount and quality of work that will not give organization a cause of action against him often is cause of consideration concern to supervisor.

Question 71

such employee that invariably the source of much dissatisfaction within their peer group and often contaminate with their antiorganization attitutde

Answer 71

Marginal employee

Question 72

order giving

Answer 72

using indistinct speech or poor word selection, giving orders in a disordered or haphazard manner, giving to many orders at once or too much detail in one order and neglecting to follow up are some of most prevalent reasons for failures in order giving.

Question 73

which is more effective than coercion in obtaining acceptence by those workers affected.

Answer 73

persuasion

Question 74

Direct commands

Answer 74

1. orders may best be given by command when emergent conditions require direct, prompt action 2. also appropriate in situations where officers know what the right thing to do is but may be tempted for a variety of reasons to neglect their duty

Question 75

most orders should be framed as

Answer 75

requests. Employees will often resent an authoritarian dictatorial method

Question 76

the capable, conscientious, responsible subordinate usually requires nothing more than a

Answer 76

request

Question 77

___ or ____ directives can be employed to good effect with reliable employee who readily assumes responsibility for a task

Answer 77

implied or suggested

Question 78

Orders to ____or ____employees should be given in a more direct manner than by implication or suggestion

Answer 78

inexperienced or unreliable

Question 79

requests for volunteers

Answer 79

used with care. Usually to perform a dangerous or disagreeable assignement he cannot or should not perform himself. Never have volunteers for a task supervisor should perform.

Question 80

verbal orders

Answer 80

usually satisfactory for simple tasks and in emergency situations.

Question 81

other than a simple order, person giving it should have it played back so that any misunderstanding that have resulted in the communication process can be clarified.

Answer 81

empty

Question 82

____orders should be used in situations where complex operations or numerous persons are affected to ensure that all receive same message.

Answer 82

written

Question 83

follow-up

Answer 83

supervisor surrenders his authority little by little when he fails to follow up his orders to ensure that they have been carried out

Question 84

One of the most frequent functions the supervisor is called on to perform is that of

Answer 84

decision making

Question 85

____has a stabilizing influence on subordinates

Answer 85

decisiveness

Question 86

____is easily perceived and tends to destroy confidence and lower respect

Answer 86

indecisiveness

Question 87

decision making process involves several steps

Answer 87

1. awareness that real problem exists 2. facts must be obtained 3. when sufficient data has been collected, it must be evaluated and analyzed. 4. alternative approaches leading to a logical conclusion should be decided on , and probable consequences of each should be weighed. This involves insight. 5. decision must be selected from alternative solutions. Pros and cons should be considered and weighed. 6. decision must then be communicated to those who must carry it out

Question 88

_____is perhaps the most common failing of an inexperienced supervisor

Answer 88

oversupervision

Question 89

oversupervision, often called ____ caused what?

Answer 89

snoopervision | causes loss of respect for supervisor, creates suspicions in minds of employees, fosters rumors and arouses resentment.

Question 90

example setting

Answer 90

supervisor must remember the principles, not just the rules. "if you have integrity, nothing else matters. If you don't have integrity, nothing else matters."

Question 91

Marks of a good leader

Answer 91

rigid adherence to the requirements of good taste and convention, good breeding and behavior and lack of pomposity

Question 92

the respected leader will be imitated ___or ___ by those he leads

Answer 92

consciously or unconsciously

Question 93

women supervisors: _______has been cited by Haar and Morash as one of the primary sources of stress for female officers

Answer 93

gender stereotyping

Question 94

Of all sworn officers in 2000, what is the percentage of women and what is percentage female commanders

Answer 94

13 %, 7.3% commanders

Question 95

Source of peer support, training and mentoring for woman

Answer 95

International Association of Women Police

Question 96

____of african american officers in one study reported that they believed there was a pattern of racial discrimination in employment decision

Answer 96

80%

Question 97

supervisors must make decisions scrupulously based on ___ snf ___ requirements

Answer 97

fairness and mission

Question 98

avoidance of gender bias and harassment

Answer 98

all supervisors must excercise exceptional common sense and introspection in their relationships with subordinates, especially with those of opposite sex.

Question 99

Sexual harassment in workplace is prohibited by federal law ____ and it may be litigated as a civil rights violation under ________

Answer 99

29 CFR 1604, and Title 42, Section 1983

Question 100

One survey found that _____ of police agencies have no written policy against sexual harassment

Answer 100

34%

Question 101

symptoms of leadership failure.

Answer 101

selfishness, suspicion, envy, failure to give credit, hypercriticism and arbitrariness usally denote weaknesses, if not failure of indiv leader. When these characteristics are present to a marked degree in a supervisor, he is not fit to direct and control others.

Question 102

leadership fails more often because it is not ____ when it is most needed than because the techniques are flawed

Answer 102

provided

Question 103

if level of discipline in org is low, if standards of conducct and performance leave much to be desired, or organization is riddled with disloyalty, mistrust and self-interest, its leaders have failed;

Answer 103

failure will inevitably result in reduced productivity, low morale and poor organizational spirit.

Question 104

The challenge for supervisor is to help police officers redefine their role and accept responsibility for following in a constantly changing, transformational enviroment.

Answer 104

With many PD's turning to COP and utilizing problem solving approaches, Peak, Gaines and Glensor made this statement

Question 105

Key ingrediants in developing an effective leadership-followership strategy are

Answer 105

genuine participation, communication, shared decision making, equity, self-control and interdependence

Question 106

CP invests great deal of authority in street-level officers; it requires

Answer 106

leadership, management and communicative skills, coupled with a considerable amount of creativity.

Question 107

first challenge for supervisor of a CP program is to adapt to high level of necessary ____and ____involvment

Answer 107

commitment and community

Question 108

CP supervisor skills are critical:

Answer 108

leadership, program management and negotiation

Question 109

for community oriented policeing and problems solving to be effective, supervisors must understand its ___, ____ and _____

Answer 109

concepts, support its principles and be part of it.

Question 110

1990 the Police Executive Research Forum identified characteristics of a good problem-oriented supervisor:

Answer 110

1. allow subordinates freedom to exp w/new approaches 2. good and accurate analyses of problems 3. granting flexibility in work schedules 4. allowing subord to make most contacts directly, paving way when they are having trouble getting cooperation 5. protecting subord from pressure within dept 6. running interference 7. knowing what problems subord are workingon 8. knowing subord beat and important citizens 9. coaching subord thru process, giving advice,helping manage their time 10. monitoring subord progress and prodding them along if necessary 11. supporing subord even if their strategies fail, 12. managing problem-solving efforts over long period of time, 13. give credit to subord and letting other knows it 14. allowing subord to talk w/visitors or at conferences about their work 15. identifying new resources and contacts for subor 16. stressing cooperation, coordination and communication within the unit and outside it 17. coordinating efforts across shifts,beats, outside unit and agencies 18. knowing that officers and det.s must come to believe in it

Question 111

ensuring that COP and problem solving are connected to homeland security is a ____issue

Answer 111

leadership. First line supervisor are in best position to make sure this gets done

Question 112

Some supervisors fail in their primary task of

Answer 112

directing, leading and controlling others, because they have not been able to apply these principles to their particular position

Question 113

Perhaps the single function that best marks the good leader is his ability to maintain a high level of ____, ____ and _____

Answer 113

discipline, morale and esprit de corps

Question 114

nowhere are these _____ ____more important than in giving of orders.

Answer 114

psychological factors

Question 115

the leaders ___, his ___ and ___ and the time and place in which the order is given will affect the reactions of his subordinates

Answer 115

manner, gestures and inflections

Question 116

what type of language should be scrupulously avoided

Answer 116

immoderate, vulgar and indecent language

Question 117

Most difficult type of motivation process, yet the most powerful and lasting force in forming attitudes is

Answer 117

process of Inspiration