SUPERPOWERS - LESSON 13 - GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE IS CONTESTED Flashcards
Why is the Arctic circle a site for conflict
30% if worlds undiscovered gas and 13% of its oil are in the arctic
Territorial dispute of overlapping borders
New trade routes - Russia developed new ice breaking ships powered by nuclear
How many barrels of oil are estimated to be under the artic
90-100 million barrels of oil
How much can each country claim outside its borders
200 nautical miles
What are some key military developments in the Arctic
Russia and Canada have created arctic forces, increasing expeditions and countries exercising influence
Increased amount of military bases along the arctic circle
What is the most contested region in the Arctic
Lomonsov ridge, in the centre of the arctic
What are some threats to the natural environment as a result of potential conflicts and exploitation of the arctic
Disregard to global warming as oil is becoming more accessible
Increased pollution
Reduces biodiversity
Why is there potential conflict in the South China Sea
Dispute over islands and continental shelf of China and other countries
China wants to defend areas they see as their own
What actions have been taken by China to secure the south china sea
Island chain strategy - launched first aircraft carrier in 2012 (the Liaoning) and 2 more in 2020
Construction of airports on reclaimed land in Fiery cross reef in 2014
What involvement does the USA have in the South China Sea
Largest Naval presence in the area due to links with Japan, SK and to Philippines
Islands have large oil and gas reserves
China challenging US naval and air hegemony
What are the main reasons for strained political relationships
Power balance
Contrast
Why is there a potential conflict in Western Russia vs Eastern Europe
EU planning own measures,
Nabucco pipeline from Central Asia (but only 5% of needs)
Conflict in Ukraine
What is the role of Gazprom
Worlds largest Gas supplier
Employ 432000 people in 2006
Most influential and powerful TNCs
Sponsored Champions league from 2012-2022
Euro 2020
PM of Russia is head of Gazprom
What is the situation of Georgia and Russia
Russia doubled the price they had to pay for gas until they allowed their pipeline to pass through
What is the situation with Russia and Crimea
Ukraine tap switched off in 2006 and 2009, didn’t pay Russia up front, as Russia had increased the price
In an attempt to prevent westernisation
Invaded in 2022
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