SUPERFICIAL Venoussystem

Question 1

HEAD

Answer 1

V. JUGULARIS EXTERNA

• V. Linguofacialis
• V. Facialis + branches
• V. Lingualis + Arcus Hyoideus(Ø in EQ)

Question 2

NECK

Answer 2

V. Cava Cran -> V. Jugularis Ext

• V. OMOBRACHIALIS
• V. CEPHALLICA (EQ)
• V. CERVICALIS SUPERFICIALIS + Branches

Question 3

FL

Answer 3

• V. CEPHALLICA
• V. MEDIANA CUBITA
• V. AXILLOBRACHIALIS
• V. OMOBRACHIALIS

V. Cephallica Accessoria

• > vv. digitales dors com II-IV
• V. dig. dors com I
• Arcus palmaris superficialis
• vv. dig. palm. com

Question 4

HL

Answer 4

V. SAPHENA LATERALIS

• R. cranialis
• R. caudalis

V. SAPHENA MEDIALIS
V. FEMORALIS
rr. superficialis of V.circumflexa ilium prof.

Question 5

Veins of the thoracic limb

Answer 5

● Begin with terminal venous networks
( arcus terminalis) within the digits, curium and hoof cartilages

● These networks form the following veins in distal to proximal order
○ Vv. Digitales palmares medialiset lateralis
○ Vv. Metacarpeae
○ V. Mediana
   ■ V. Cephalica accessoria
   ■ V. Cephalica (ONLY large superficial vein)
○ V. Brachialis
○ V. Mediana cubiti
○ V. Axillaris
○ V. Subclavia
○ V. Jugularis externa
○ V. Cava cranialis

Question 6

Details on v. Cephalica:

Answer 6

○ Formed by the union of the:

DEEP MATACARPAL veins on the MED aspect of the CARPUS and is joined by the ACESSORY CEPHALLIC vein that arises from
the venous NETWORK on the DORS aspect of the CARPUS in the middle of the
forearm.

○ Continues proximally in:
A SUBCUTANEOUS position to join the EXTERNAL JUGULAR vein in the LOWER PART of the NECK

Question 7

Veins of the pelvic limb

Answer 7

● Originate in VENOUS NETWORK in the TERMINAL part of the digits
(arcus terminalis)

● These form the following veins in distal to proximal order:
○ Vv. digitales plantares mediales et lateralis
○ Vv. Metatarsal
○ V. Dorsalis pedis
○ V. Tibialis cranialis
     ■ V. Saphena medialis 
(superficial, opens into v. Femoralis)
     ■ V. Saphena lateralis 
(superficial but joins deep femoral vein at stifle)
○ V. Poplitea
○ V. Femoralis
○ V. Iliaca externa
○ V. Iliaca interna
○ V. Cava caudalis

Question 8

v. Jugularis externa

Answer 8

● Formed near the ANGLE of the JAW by the union of the LINGUOFACIAL and MAXILLARY veins

● 
Runs along neck, 
Occupies SULCUS JUGULARIS between 
- m. Brachiocephalicus and 
- m. Sternocephalicus

● Subcutaneous in some points, which makes it attractive for blood sampling and
intravenous injection

● Ca: L+R V. JUGULARIS EXT communicate via hyoid venous arch (ARCUS HYOIDEUS) VENTRAL to BASIHYOID bone

● All domestic mammals except horse and goat have two pairs of jugular veins,
external and internal (no internal jugular in horse and goat?)

Question 9

Which species does not have paired jugular veins?

Answer 9

HORSE and GOAT