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Neuroscience I > Superficial Triangles And Cervical Vis > Flashcards

Superficial Triangles And Cervical Vis Flashcards

1
Q

________, ___________, and _______ are the superficial muscles of the neck?

A

Platysma, trapezius, and sternocleidomastoid (SMC)

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2
Q

What is the function of the Platysma?

A

Increases the compartment size of the neck; decreasing venous pressure

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3
Q

_______ innervates the Platysma

A

Cervical branch of the facial nerve (VII)

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4
Q

________ innervates the trapezius?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI) with a small cervical contribution from C3-4

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5
Q

_______, _____, and ______ are the functions of the SCM?

A

Unilaterally; rotates head
Bilaterally; flexes head
Posterior fibers; extend head

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6
Q

_______ innervates the SMC?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI) and small cervical contributions from C3-4

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7
Q

What are the borders of the Posterior (lateral) triangle?

A

Boarders: Middle 1/3 clavicle, trapezius, and SCM
Roof: platysma, and fascia
Floor: pre-vertebral fascia

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8
Q

_____ vein runs through the Posterior (lateral) triangle of the Neck?

A

External jugular vein

Formed by the conjunction of the posterior auricular and retromandibular v.

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9
Q

_____ nerve runs the posterior (lateral) triangle of the neck?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
(Enters above the mid pt. Of the SCM and travels diagonally across the levator scapulae; receiving contributions from C3-4

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10
Q

What are the 4 superficial branches of the cervical plexus in the posterior triangle of the neck?

A

Lesser occipital n (C2-3)
Greater auricular n (C2-3)
Transverse cervical n (C2-3)
Supra clavicle are n. (C3-4)

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11
Q

______ are the boundaries of the Anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Apex in chin to the mastoid process, anterior midline of neck, and anterior border of the SCM
Roof: platysma

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12
Q

What are the 4 subdivisions of the anterior triangle of the Neck?

A

Muscular, carotid, submandibular and submental triangles

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13
Q

What are the borders of the carotid triangle?

A

Posterior digastric, superior omohyoid, and SCM

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14
Q

What structures are within the carotid triangles?

A

Branches of the carotid system
Internal jugular v.
Ansa cericalis
Cranial Ns. (IX, X, and XII)

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15
Q

What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangle?

A

Inferior edge of the mandible, the anterior, posterior digastric
The hyoid bone forms the apex of the triangle

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16
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid and hyoglossus

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17
Q

What structures are in or related to the submandibular triangle?

A

Hyoid bone, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, hypoglossal n., lingual n. And a., submandibular ganglion, facial a. And v., marginal mandibular branch of VII, glossopharyngeal n.

18
Q

_______ innervates the anterior digastric m. Of the submandibular triangle?

A

Mylohoid n.

19
Q

_____ and _____ ms. are innervated by the mylohyoid n. In the submandibular triangle?

A

Anterior digastric and mylohyoid m

20
Q

_____ and ______ ms. are innervated by VII in the submandibular triangle?

A

Posterior digastric and stylohyoid ms.

21
Q

______ innervates the genioyoid m. Of the submandibular triangle?

A

C1

22
Q

______ is innervated by XII in the submandibular triangle?

A

Hyoglossus

23
Q

_______ duct drains the submandibular Salivary gland?

A 
Submandibular duct ( Wharton' duct) 
It empties into the floor of the mouth at the apex of the sublingual caruncle
24
Q

_____- never spirals around the submandibular duct?

A

Lingual n.

25
Q

What supplies the submandibular gland?

A

Branches of the facials a. And drains into tributaries of the facial v.
Lymph drains into the deep cervical nodes

26
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the submandibular gland?

A

Parasympathetic: pre-ganglionic fibers from the superior salivatory nucleus exit w/ facial n. Travel through the chorda tympani and join lingual n. Then terminate submandibular ganglion

Postganglionic fibers from the submandibular ganglion distribute short branches

27
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the submandibular gland?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers originate in the superior cervical ganglion, and reach the gland by coursing in the external carotid and facial plexuses

28
Q

What are the boundaries of the submental triangle?

A

Midline triangle located beneath the apex of the chin, bordered by the anterior digastric muscles and the hyoid bones

29
Q

What are the boundaries of the Muscular Triangle?

A

Superior omohyoid, SCM, and midline of the neck

30
Q

What structures are included in the muscular triangle?

A

Infrahyoid muscles: sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid muscles

31
Q

_______ innervates the infrahyoid muscles?

A

First three cervical muscles (C1-3) via the superior root of the ansa cervicalis

32
Q

What is the function of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Depress the hyoid, larynx, and floor of the the mouth; or stabilize the hyoid and larynx

33
Q

What 5 structures are located in the cervical viscera?

A

Thyroid gland, parathyroid, trachea, esophagus, and cupula of pleura

34
Q

Relationships of the thyroid gland?

A

Recurrent laryngeal n (RLN) is located medial to the lobes between the trachea and esophagus; it innervates all ms. Of the larynx except the cricothyroid

Small parathyroid glands (2-6) are embedded in the posterior surface of the lobes

35
Q

______, _______, and ______ are the blood supply to the thyroid glands?

A

Superior thyroid a. (Arising from the common or external carotid)
Inferior thyroid a. ( arising from the thyrocervical trunk)
Lowest thyroid a. (Arising from the brachiocephalic, aorta, or lf common carotid)

36
Q

What is the drainage of the the thyroid gland?

A

Superior and middle thyroid vs. which drains into the internal jugular veins

Inferior thyroid v. Drains into the brachiocephalic v.

37
Q

_________ artery supplies the parathyroid glands?

A

Inferior thyroid artery

38
Q

Where is the trachea located?

A

CV6-TV2
Isthmus crossing the anterior surface of trachea rings 2-4
Esophagus is posterior and the RLN is postero-lateral to the trachea

39
Q

____ side is the easiest access to the esophagus?

A

Left

40
Q

Describe the cupula of pleura.

A

Pyramidal-shaped portion of the thoracic cavity that extends into the base (roof) of the neck b/w the scalene and the longus Collin muscles
The apex of the cupula extends 3 cm into the root of the neck at the mid-clavicular

Neuroscience I (7 decks)

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